MALAYSIA (Continued)
Sarawak: (1979 elections) National Front controls 45 of 48 State Assembly seats
Communists:
Peninsular Malaysia: approximately 3,000 armed insurgents on Thailand side of Thai/Malaysia border; approximately 300 full-time inside Peninsular Malaysia
Sarawak: 125 armed insurgents in Sarawak
Sabah: insignificant
Member of: ADB, ANRPC, ASEAN, Colombo Plan, Commonwealth, FAO, G-77, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, ILO, IMCO, IMF, IPU, ISCON, ITC, ITU, NAM, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO, WTO
ECONOMY
GNP:
Malaysia: $21.6 billion (1980), $1,520 per capita; annual growth 8.2% (1980)
Agriculture:
Peninsular Malaysia: natural rubber, oil palm, rice; 10%-15% of rice requirements imported
Sabah: mainly subsistence; main crops—rubber, timber, coconut, rice; food deficit—rice
Sarawak: main crops—rubber, timber, pepper; food deficit—rice
Fishing: catch 685,107 metric tons (1978)
Major industries:
Peninsular Malaysia: rubber and oil palm processing and manufacturing, light manufacturing industry, electronics, tin mining and smelting, logging and processing timber
Sabah: logging, petroleum production
Sarawak: agriculture processing, petroleum production and refining, logging
Electric power:
Peninsular Malaysia: 1,899,973 kW capacity (1980); 8.157 billion kWh produced (1980), 725 kWh per capita
Sabah: 183,000 kW capacity (1980); 586 million kWh produced (1980), 558 kWh per capita
Sarawak: 147,000 kW capacity (1980); 343 million kWh produced (1980), 269 kWh per capita
Exports: $12.2 billion (f.o.b., 1980); natural rubber, palm oil, tin, timber, petroleum, light manufactures
Imports: $10.2 billion (f.o.b., 1980)
Major trade partners: exports—17% Singapore, 17% US, 23% Japan, 14% EEC; imports—23% Japan, 15% US, 11% EEC (1979)
Budget: 1982 revenue and grants, $4 billion; current expenditure $7.7 billion, capital expenditures $6.5 billion; deficit $2 billion; $2.2 billion military, 80% civilian
Monetary conversion rate: 2.25 ringgits=US$1 (December 1981)
Fiscal year: calendar year
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads:
Peninsular Malaysia: 1,665 km 1.04-meter gauge; 13 km double track; government owned
East Malaysia: 136 km meter gauge (LOO m) in Sabah
Highways:
Peninsular Malaysia: 19,753 km total; 15,900 km hard surfaced (mostly bituminous surface treatment), 3,000 km crushed stone/gravel, 883 km improved or unimproved earth
East Malaysia: about 5,426 km total (1,644 km in Sarawak, 3,782 km in Sabah); 819 km hard surfaced (mostly bituminous surface treatment), 2,936 km gravel or crushed stone, 1,671 km earth
Inland waterways:
Peninsular Malaysia: 3,209 km
East Malaysia: 4,200 km (1,569 km in Sabah, 2,518 km in Sarawak)
Ports:
Peninsular Malaysia: 3 major, 14 minor
East Malaysia: 3 major, 12 minor (2 major, 3 minor in Sabah; 1 major, 9 minor in Sarawak)
Civil air: approximately 30 major transport aircraft
Pipelines: crude oil, 69 km; refined products, 56 km
Airfields:
Peninsular Malaysia: 61 total, 61 usable; 17 with permanent-surface runways; 3 with runways 2,440-3,659 m, 11 with runways 1,220-2,439 m
Sabah: 35 total, 35 usable; 6 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway 2,440-3,659 m; 4 with runways 1,220-2,439 m
Sarawak: 47 total, 47 usable; 5 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runways 2,440-3,659 m, 4 with runways 1,220-2,439 m
Telecommunications:
Peninsular Malaysia: good intercity service provided mainly by microwave relay; international service good; good coverage by radio and television broadcasts; 305,000 telephones (2.9 per 100 popl.); 26 AM, 1 FM, and 16 TV stations; submarine cables extend to Singapore; connected to SEACOM submarine cable terminal at Singapore by microwave relay; 2 ground satellite stations
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