MONGOLIA (Continued)
Party and government leaders: Yumjaagiyn Tsedenbal, First Secretary of the MPRP and Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Great Hural; Jambyn Batmonh, Chairman of the Council of Ministers
Suffrage: universal; age 18 and over
Elections: national assembly elections theoretically held every four years; last election held June 1977
Political party: Mongolian People's Revolutionary (Communist) Party (MPRP); estimated membership, 67,000 (1976)
Member of: CEMA, ESCAP, FAO, IAEA, ILO, IPU, ITU, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO
ECONOMY
Agriculture: livestock raising predominates; main crops—wheat, oats, barley
Industries: processing of animal products; building materials; mining
Electric power: 452,500 kW capacity (1981); 1.56 billion kWh produced (1981), 905 kWh per capita
Exports: beef for slaughter, meat products, wool, fluor-spar, other minerals
Imports: machinery and equipment, petroleum, clothing, building materials, sugar, and tea
Major trade partners: nearly all trade with Communist countries (approx. 85% with USSR); total turnover about $1.0 billion (1977)
Aid: heavily dependent on USSR
Monetary conversion rate: 3.11 tugriks=US$1 (June 1978); arbitrarily established
Fiscal year: calendar year
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 1,585 km (1979); all broad gauge (1.524 m)
Highways: 83,280 km total; 400 km concrete, asphalt; 9,920 km crushed stone, gravel; 72,960 km earth (1975)
Inland waterways: 397 km of principal routes (1979)
Freight carried: rail—9.0 million metric tons, 3,126 million metric ton/km (1979); highway—20.3 million metric tons, 1,342 million metric ton/km (1979); waterway—0.04 million metric tons, 5.4 million metric ton/km (1979)
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 396,000; 259,000 fit for military service; about 18,000 reach military age (18) annually
Supply: military equipment supplied by USSR
Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 December 1977, 405 million tugriks, 12% of total budget
MOROCCO
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LAND
409,200 km2; about 32% arable and grazing land, forest and esparto, 51% desert, waste, and urban
Land boundaries: 1,996 km
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 12 nm (fishing 200 nm; exclusive economic zone 200 nm)
Coastline: 1,835 km
PEOPLE
Population: 22,230,000 (July 1982), average annual growth rate 2.9%
Nationality: noun—Moroccan(s); adjective—Moroccan
Ethnic divisions: 99.1% Arab-Berber, 0.2% Jewish, 0.7% non-Moroccan
Religion: 98.7% Muslim, 1.1% Christian, 0.2% Jewish
Language: Arabic (official); several Berber dialects; French is language of much business, government, diplomacy, and postprimary education
Literacy: 28%
Labor force: 5.4 million (1980 est.); 50% agriculture, 15% industry, 26% services, 9% other; at least 20% of urban labor unemployed
Organized labor: about 5% of the labor force, mainly in two unions—the Union of Moroccan Workers (UMT) and the Democratic Confederation of Labor (CDT)
GOVERNMENT
Official name: Kingdom of Morocco
Type: constitutional monarchy (constitution adopted 1972)
Capital: Rabat
Political subdivisions: 39 provinces (including 4 in Western Sahara) and 2 prefectures (Rabat-Sale and Casablanca, which consists of 5 divisions)
NOTE: Morocco acquired administrative control in 1976 over the northern two-thirds of the former Spanish Sahara
