SPAIN (Continued)
seats; CiU 2.6%, 8 seats; PNV 1.5%, 7 seats; PSA 1.7%, 5 seats; HB 0.9%, 3 seats; and 6 others, 1 seat each
Communists: PCE claims to have over 160,000 members, but this figure is difficult to verify; the PCE's greatest strength is in labor where it dominates the country's strongest trade union, the Workers Commissions, which now claims a membership of around 1 million.
Other political or pressure groups: on the extreme left, the Basque Fatherland and Liberty (ETA), the First of October Antifascist Resistance Group (GRAPO), and the Anti-Fascist and Patriotic Revolutionary Front (FRAP) use terrorism to oppose the government; on the extreme right, the Guerrillas of Christ the King and the Anticommunist Apostolic Alliance (AAA) carry out vigilante attacks on ETA members and other leftists; free labor unions (authorized in April 1977) include the Communist-dominated Workers Commissions (CCOO); the Socialist General Union of Workers (UGT), and the independent Workers Syndical Union (USO); the Catholic Church; business and landowning interests; Opus Dei; Catholic Action; university students
Member of: Andean Pact (observer), ASSIMER, ESRO, FAO, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAC, ICAO, ICES, ICO, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IHO, ILO, International Lead and Zinc Study Group, IMCO, IMF, IOOC, IPU, ITC, ITU, IWC—International Wheat Council, OAS (observer), OECD, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WSG, WTO; applied for full membership in the EC 28 July 1977; joined Council of Europe 18 October 1977
ECONOMY
GNP: $191.0 billion (1980); 70% private consumption, 11% government consumption, 21% gross fixed capital investment; -3% net exports; real growth rate 1.2% (1980)
Agriculture: main crops—grains, vegetables, fruits; virtually self-sufficient in good crop years
Fishing: landed 769,487 million metric tons (1980)
Major industries: textiles and apparel (including footwear), food and beverages, metals and metal manufactures, chemicals, shipbuilding, automobiles
Crude steel: 12.6 million metric tons produced (1980), 310 kg per capita
Electric power: 35,503,400 kW capacity (1981); 142.723 billion kWh produced (1981), 3,780 kWh per capita
Exports: $20.7 billion (f.o.b., 1980); principal items—iron and steel products, machinery, automobiles, fruits and vegetables, textiles, footwear
Imports: $34.1 billion (c.i.f., 1980); principal items—fuels (25-30%), machinery, chemicals, iron and steel, vegetables, automobiles
Major trade partners: (1980) 38% EC, 10% US, 10% other developed, 3% Communist, 39% LDCs
Aid: economic commitments—US, $1.7 billion including Ex-Im (FY70-80); other Western bilateral (ODA and OOF), $545.0 million (1970-79); military authorizations—US, $939.0 million (FY70-80)
Budget: (1980 central government) revenues $25 billion, expenditures $29 billion, deficit $4 billion
Monetary conversion rate: 79.25 pesetas=US$1 (1980 average)
Fiscal year: calendar year
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 16,272 km total; Spanish National Railways (RENFE) operates 13,533 km 1.668-meter gauge, 4,921 km electrified, and 2,140 km double track; FEVE (government-owned narrow-gauge railways) operates 1,821 km, of predominantly meter gauge (1.000 m), and 441 km electrified; privately owned railways operate 918 km, of predominantly meter gauge (1.000 m), 512 km electrified and 56 km double track
Highways: 149,352 km total; 82,070 km national—2,433 km limited-access divided highway, 63,042 km bituminous treated, 17,038 km intermediate bituminous, concrete, or stone block; the remaining 67,282 km are provincial or local roads (bituminous treated, intermediate bituminous, or stone block)
Inland waterways: 1,045 km; of minor importance as transport arteries and contribute little to economy
Pipelines: 265 km crude oil; 1,293 km refined products; 1,000 km natural gas
Ports: 23 major, 150 minor
Civil air: 166 major transport aircraft, including 2 leased in and 3 leased out
Airfields (including Balearic and Canary Islands): 120 total, 114 usable; 59 with permanent-surface runways; 4 with runways over 3,659 m, 22 with runways 2,440-3,659 m, 32 with runways 1,220-2,439 m
Telecommunications: generally adequate, modern facilities; 11.1 million telephones (29.4 per 100 popl.); 180 AM, 290 FM, and 890 TV stations; 20 coaxial submarine cables; 2 satellite stations with total of 5 antennas
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 9,068,000; 7,351,000 fit for military service; 336,000 reach military age (20) annually
Military budget: proposed for fiscal year ending 31 December 1982, $4,271.8 million; 11.6% of the proposed central government budget
