IX TABLE OF CONTENTS. INTRODUCTORY NOTE. By the late Right Rev. MANDELL CIIEIGHTON, D.D., Bishop of London. PAGE Division of history into periods ........ 1 Dividing line between modern arid medieval times. Recognition of prin- ciple of Nationality .......... 2 Growth of individual freedom in thought and action. Extension of the sphere of European influence ........ 3 Consequent increase in historical material ...... 4 Changes in point of view. Difficulties of the historian .... 5 An ordered series of monographs the only practicable scheme for a general History of Modern Times 6 CHAPTER I. THE AGE OF DISCOVERY. By E. J. PAYNE, M.A., Fellow of University College, Oxford. Earlier history of geographical discovery ....... 7 Beginnings of a new era of discoveries 8 Activity of missionaries in the East. The Saracens on the Mediterranean, in Africa, India, on the Atlantic 9 Dom Henrique of Portugal 10 The Order of Christ 11 Colonising and missionary schemes. Real character of Henrique's enter- prise 12 Slave raiding expeditions, 1441 sqq 13 The "Western Nile" and Bilad Ghana reached, 1445 .... 14 Death of Henrique (1460); extent of his achievements; his will . . 15 The Guinea Trade. Ivory Coast, Gold Coast, the Congo reached, 1484 . 16 B. Diaz rounds the Cape of Good Hope, 1486 17 Effect of Portuguese discoveries. Letter of Politian .... Schemes of western exploration 19 Legends of Atlantic islands ; Brazil ; Antilha 20 Colombo; his reception in Portugal; at Genoa ... . . . * 21
