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Canadian Alpine Journal
Ice-Axe, Ice-Pick—A tough wooden staff, about 3 ft. 6 in. long, with an adze-shaped steel head at one end and a sharp spike at the other. Opposite the adze, the head is drawn to a point, sometimes set with teeth. It is used to cut steps in steep ice or snow-slopes.
Ice-Fall—The dry glacier.
Langthal—A long valley. The depression between a moraine and the mountain side, usually filled with snow.
Massif—A central mountain-mass. The dominating part of a range of mountains.
Mittlegrat—A middle edge or ridge, as for instance: the rock-edge between two snow-fields or parts of a glacier.
Moraines—The rock debris transported by a glacier and deposited at its base, along its sides, or between two separate ice-flows. They are respectively named: terminal, lateral, and medial moraines.
Moulin—A nearly vertical shaft or circular cavity worn in the ice of a glacier by a surface rivulet falling into a crevasse, down which it pours in a sub-glacial cascade.
Névé—The accumulated snow forming the source of a glacier; corresponds to "snow-field" or "firn."
Nunatak—A crest or ridge of rock appearing above the surface of an ice-field or glacier.
Reentrant—Rocks are spoken of as being at a reentrant angle, i.e., their faces slope inwards from the perpendicular.
Roche Moutonnées—A group of scattered knobs of rock, rounded and smoothed by glacial action;
