and Māppillas, and the latter show more skill in finish and ornamental work.
- (d) Knife sheaths. Almost every Nāyar, Tiyan and Māppilla carries a knife about a foot in length, and there is a demand for leather sheaths. These are made by Pānans as well as by Thōlperunkollans and Māppillas.
- (e) Leather baskets are also made, and are largely used as receptacles for carrying pepper, paddy (rice),and other grain.
- (f) Winnowing fans are made of leather, and are used in pepper and paddy yards, etc.
- (g) Muttu ceruppu (clogs) are leather shoes with wooden soles. These are largely used during the rainy season."
Tollakkādan (one with a big hole in the lobes of his ears). — Taken, at the census, 1901, as a sub-caste of Shānān, as those returning the name, who are vendors of husked rice in Madras, used the Shānān title Nādān. The equivalent Tollakādu was returned as a sub-division of Konga Vellāla.
Tōl Mēstri.— A sub-division of Semmān.
Tondamān.— It is stated, in the Madras Census Report, 1901, that the Tondamāns are "also called Sunnāmbukkāran (q.v.), a Tamil caste of lime (chunam) burners found only in the Tinnevelly district. They are said to be a branch of the Kallans who migrated to Tinnevelly from Pudukkōttai, or the Tondamān's country. Its members are now drummers and pipers as well as lime-burners. Brāhmans are their purōhits, but they are not allowed to go into Hindu temples. They will eat in the houses of Maravans. Their title is Sōlagan." It is noted, in the same report, that the Semmān caste "has two sub-divisions, Tondaman and Tōl-mēstri, and men of the former take wives from the latter, but men
