PATRON
565
PATRON
Guardian Angels 7; Gabriel 7; Raphael 10. In the
long list of male saints Joseph heads the list with 183
dedications, followed by Patrick who counts 83, and
then in numerical order: John the Baptist and An-
thony 43 each; Francis of Assisi and Stephen 23 each;
Augustine and Vincent 19 each; Francis de Sales,
Francis Xavier, and Lawrence 16 each; Bernard,
Ignatius, and Thomas Aquinas 15 each; Aloysius,
Charles, and Louis 14 each; Alphonsus and Nicholas
11 each; Leo and Martin 10 each; Dominic 9; Ed-
ward 8; Ambrose, Clement, Jerome, and Joachim
7 each; IJenedict and Pius 6; Gregory 5; Anselm, Atha-
nasius, Bonaventure, Denis, Hubert, Maurice, Peter
Claver, and Philip Neri 3 each; Dionysius, Eloi,
Ferdinand, Francis Borgia, Gall, Hyacinth, Isidore,
Liborius, Nicholas of Tolentino, Sebastian, Vincent
Ferrer, and William 2 each; Albert, Alphonsus Turi-
bius, Anthony the Hermit, Basil, Bride, Canicius,
Cyprian, Cj'ril, David, Donatus, Edmund, Engelbert,
Eustachius, Florian, Fidelis, Francis Solano, Fred-
erick, Irenaeus, John Baptist de la Salle, John Berch-
mans, John Capistrano, John Chrysostom, John
Francis Regis, John the Martyr, Kyran, Landry,
Lazarus, Leander, Leon, Leonard of Port Maurice,
Luis Bertrand, Maron, Martin of Tours, Maurus,
Nicholas of Myra, Napoleon, Norbert, Raymund,
Rock, Theodore, Thomas of Canterbury, Thomas of
Villanova, Timothy, Valentine, Viator, Victor, Wille-
brod, Zephj'rin, 1 each.
The female patronesses are 41 in number, those whose names appear more frequently being: Anne 36; Rose 22; the three Catherines 21; Teresa 14; Agnes 13; Cecilia 12; Margaret 10; Ehzabeth 9; Monica 8; Genevieve 6; Philomena 5; Clare, Gertrude, and Mary Magdalen 4 each; Agatha, Helen, and Veronica 3 each; Anastasia, Angela, and Lucy 2 each; Barbara, Cunegunde, Elizabeth of Hungary, Eulalia, Frances of Rome, Madeline, Mary Magdalen de Pazzi, Scho- lastica, Sylvia, Ursula, Victoria, Walburga, 1 each. Among the saints, more than in any other class, the nationality of devotion finds occasion for its mani- festation. Celtic centres are shown by such titles as: Brendan .5; Canice 1; Colman 3; Columba 5; Colum- banus 2 ; Columbkille 6 ; Cronan 1 ; Finbar 1 ; Jarlath 1 ; Kevin 1; Kilian 3; Lawrence O'Toole 3; Malachy 6; Mel 1 ; Attracta 1 ; Bridget 1 1 ; Ita 1 ; George, a widely favoured national patron, has 17 churches. Rita of Cascia 3, and Rocco 2, show the Italian; Ludmilla 1, Procopius 1, and Vitus 1, are Bohemian; Stephen with 23 suggests Hungary; Boniface with 21 dedications, and Henry with 8, tell of Germany. Benedict the Moor (New York) is the patron of the church for ne- groes. The numerous Polish population has adopted distinctive patrons: Adalbert S; Casimir 10; Cyril and Methodius 8; Josaphat 3; John Cantius 4; John Nepomucene 8; Ladislaus 1; Stanislaus 23; Vojtiechus 1; Wenceslaus 9; Hedwig 6; Salomea 1.
Canada. — In the Dominion of Canada, to a very great extent, the name of a district or village is the same as that of the patron of the church. Obviously the different localities have been named after their respective patrons. The number of titulars is con- siderable, the names having been assigned on the plan of avoiding repetitions. In the list examined the names of about 400 male, and 100 female, saints are represented, and the entire range of popular devotion is covered. It is a surprise to find that in this long list of provincial divisions no dedications are to be found to the Most Holy Trinity, the Holy Ghost, the Blessed Sacrament. Moreover, only five are to be found which in any way relate to Christ or the mysteries of His life, these being, St. Sauveur, Le Prdcieux Sang, L'Epiphanie, Sacr6 Coeur de J^sus, L'Ascension. The Holy Family is represented, also the ."Angels Guardian, and Our Lady under the various mysteries of her life and many of her most popular titles of devotion, such as: La Conception, La Presentation, L' Annunciation,
La Visitation, L'Assomption, Notre Dame de la Mer-
cie, Notre Dame de la Paix, Notre Dame des Anges,
Notre Dame des Nieges, Notre Dame de Bon Conseil,
Notre Dame du Mont Carmel, Notre Dame du
Rosaire, Sacr^ Cceur de Marie etc. The patrons of
churches, outside the class just referred to, have been
hsted according to the number of churches dedicated
to them in the Archdioceses of Halifax, Kingston,
Montreal, Ottawa, Quebec, St. Boniface, Toronto,
Vancouver, and the Archdiocese of St. John's, New-
foundland, and are as follows: Most Holy Trinity 2;
Holy Ghost 1; Sacred Heart 1.5; Most Holy Redeemer
1 ; Holy Name of Jesus 2 ; Infant Jesus 3 ; Holy Child 1 ;
Holy Family 5; Blessed Sacrament, Transfiguration,
Ascension, St. Sauveur, and Gesu 1 each ; Holy Cross
4. To Our Lady we find : Immaculate Conception 7,
Nativity 5, Presentation 2, Annunciation 4, Visitation
3, Purification 1, Assumption 6, Mary Immaculate 1,
Holy Name of Mary 4, St. Mary 9, Notre Dame 4,
Notre Dame de la Consolation 1, Notre Dame de la
Garde 2, Notre Dame de I'Esperance 2, Sacred Heart
of Mary 5, vStella Maris 1, Our Lady Help of Christians
1, of Good Counsel 5, of Grace 4, of la Salette 2, of
Loreto 1, of Lourdes 3, of Mercy 3, of Mount Carmel
6, of Peace 1, of Perpetual Succour 5, of Victory 3, of the Angels 2, of the Blessed Sacrament 1, of the Ros- ary 7, of the Sacred Heart 1, of the Seven Dolours 3, of the Snow 2, of the Wayside 2.
To the s.aints: Joseph 21; Patrick 20; Anthony 10; Louis 9; James, Michael, P.aul, and Peter 8 each; John, John the Baptist, John the Evangelist, and Vin- cent de Paul 7 each; Francis of Assisi 6; Augustine, Bernard, and Charles 5 each; Edward, Francis de Sales, Francis Xavier 4 each; Ambrose, Charles Bor- romeo, Gabriel, George, Gerard, Joachim, Luke, Thomas Aquinas, and Viateur 3 each; Alexander, Aloysius, Anastasius, Andrew, Anselm, Columban, Edward the Confessor, Felix, Francis Regis, Ger- maine, Gregory, Gregory Nazianzus, Gregory the Great, Ignatius, Leon of Westminster, Peter in Chains, Philip Neri, Stephen, and Thomas 2 each; Adrian, Aim^, Alfred, Alphonsus Ligouri, Arsenius, Athana- sius, Barnaby, Basil, Benedict, Benjamin, Bernardin of Siena, Bonaventure, Boniface, Bride, Cajetan, Ca- lixtus, Camillus of Lellis, Carthagh, Casimir, Clement, Columbanus, Columbkille, Cosmos, Cuthbert, Cyril and Methodius, Cyprian, Daniel, Denis, Desire, Do- natus, Dominic, Edmund, Eugene, Faustinus, Felix of Valois, Good Thief, Henry, Hugh, Hyacinth, Ignatius Loyola, Irena;us, Isidor, Jerome, John Berchmans, John Cantius, John Chrysostom, John of the Cross, Jovita, Jude, Justin, Kyran, Lawrence, Lawrence O'Toole, Leo, Malachy, Malo, Mark, Martin, Mat- thew, Narcissus, Nicholas, Odilo, Pascal-Babylon, Peter Celestine Philippe, Raphael, Remigius, Rock, Romuald, Sixtus, Stephen de Lauzon, Turibius, Vita- lis, Vitus, Zephyrim, and Zoticus 1 each; Anne 7; Bridget and Philomena 4 each; Helen 3; Agnea, Cecilia, Emily, and Marguerite 2 each; Agatha, Anas- tasia, Angelica, Catherine, Catherine of Siena, Clare of Tereanville, Clotilde, Cunegundes, Elizabeth, Eli- zabeth of Hungary, Elizabeth of Portugal, Euphemia, Felicitas, Jeanne de Neu^^lle, Magdalen, Margaret, Monica, Veronica, All Saints, 1 each.
Australia. — This includes the Archdioceses of Syd- ney, Melbourne, Hobart, Adelaide, Brisbane, and the Archdiocese of Wellington, which comprises all the territory of New Zealand. The patrons of churches are: (1) Trinity 3; Good Shepherd 2; Most Holy Re- deemer 3; Sacred Heart 63; St. Saviour 1; Real Pres- ence 1 ; Holy Name 4 ; Blessed Sacrament 2 ; Church of the Reparation 1 ; Church of the Passion 1 ; Holy Cross
7. (2) St. Mary 74; Immaculate Conception 21; Nativity 1; Annunciatioul; Assumption 6; Our Lady Help of Christians 2; of Good Counsel 1; of Lourdes 1; of Mercy 1 ;of Mount Carmer4; of Perpetual Succour 3; of the Rosary 11; of the Sacred Heart 1; of the Seven
