PINTO
103
PINTTJRICCHIO
there, 18 Dec, 1764. On 3 March, 1703, he became a
Benedictine at the Abbey of Nossa Senhora doMont-
serrate at Rio de Janeiro, where he also studied the
humanities and philosophy under the learned Jose
da Natividade. After studj'ing
theology at the monasterj' of
Bahia he was ordained priest 24
March, 1708, and appointed pro-
fessor of philosophy and the-
ologj'. Along with Caspar da
Madre de Deus (d. about 1780),
Antonio de Sao Bernardo (d.
1774) and a few others, he was
the most learned Benedictine of
his province and his contempo-
raries considered him the great-
est theologian in Brazil. He was
likewise highly esteemed for his
piety and charity towards the
poor, the sick, and the neglected.
In 1726 he was elected abbot of
the monastery at Rio de Janeiro,
but soon after his election in-
curred the displeasure of Luiz
VahiaMonteiro, the Governor of
Brazil, who banished him from
his monasterj' in 1727. Soon
afterwards he escaped to Portu-
gal, became verj- influential at
Court and was restored to his
monasten,- by Cardinal Motta in
1729. He held the office of abbot repeatedly there-
after, both at Rio de Janeiro (1729-31 and 1739)
and at Bahia in 1746. In 1732 he was elected pro-
vincial abbot, in which capacity he \'isited even the
most distant monasteries
of Brazil, despite the great
difficulty of travel. He
was again elected pro\-in-
cial abbot in 1752, but this
time he declined the hon-
our, preferring to spend
his old age in prayer and
retirement. His works are:
" Defensio S. Matris Eccle-
siae" (Lisbon, 1729), an
extensive treatise on grace
and free will against Ques-
nel, Baius, Jansenius, etc.;
"Viridario Evangelico"
(Lisbon, 1730-37), four
volumes of sermons on
the Gospels; "Theologia
Scholastica Dogmatica",
in six volumes, which he
did not complete entirely
nor was it published.
Dietario do Mosteiro de N. S. do Montserrate do Rio de Janeiro^ preser\*ed in MS. at the Monas- tery Library of Rio de Janeiro. 69-74.312-18; Ramiz Galvao. ApontamentOft historicos sobre a Ordem Benedictino em general, e em particular sobre o Mosteiro de N. S. do Monserrate do Rio de Janeiro in Revisla Trimensal do Institute historico, geographico e ethnographico do Brasil (Rio de Janeiro. 1872), 249 sq. Michael Ott.
Portrait of PiNTrRiccHio by Himse
Church of S. Maria Maggiore, Spello
page of his book, several times shipwrecked, taken
prisoner many times and sold as a slave. He was the
first to make known the natural riches of Japan, and
founded the first settlement near Yokohama, in 1.548.
In 15.58, tired of wandering, he
returned to Portugal where he
married, settling in the town of
Almada. The first account of
his travels is to be found in a
collection of Jesuit letters pub-
lished in Venice in 1.565, but the
best is his own "Peregrina^ao",
the first edition of which ap-
peared in Lisbon in 1614. The
work is regarded as a classic in
Portugal, where Pinto is consid-
ered one of their best prose writ-
ers. In other countries, it has
been enthusiastically read by
some, by others characterized as
a highly coloured romance. But
it has an element of sincerity
which is con\'incing, and its sub-
stantial honest}- is now generally
admitted. It is probable that,
having written it from memory,
he put down his impressions,
rather than events as they actu-
ally occurred. The Spanish
edition by Francisco de Herrara
appeared in 1620, reprinted in
The French translation is by
There are three
1627, 1645, 1664.
Figuier (Paris, 1628, and 1630).
English editions by Cogan (London, 1663, 1692, and
1891), the last abridged and illustrated.
CoG.^N, Travels of Fernando Mendes Pinto, tr. (London, 1891).
V. FUENTES.
Pinturicchio(BERN-AR-
DINO Di Betto, surnamed
PiNTURiccHio), b. at Ve-
rona, about 1454; d. at Si-
ena, 11 December, 1513.
He studied under Fiorenzo
di Lorenzo; and his fellow
students, perhaps because
of his great facility, sur-
named him Pinturicchio
(the dauber). Pinturic-
chio did an immense
amount of work. His
principal easel pictures
are: "St. Catherine"
(National Gallery, Lon-
don); a "Madonna" (Ca-
thedral of Sanseverino),
with the prothonotary,
Liberato Bartello, kneel-
ing; "Portrait of a Child"
(Dresden Gallery);
".\pollo and Marsyas"
(the Louvre), attributed
to Perugino, Franeia, and
even Raphael; the "Ma-
donna enthroned between
saints, an altar-piece
(Pinacotheca of Perugia);
the "Madonna of Monte-
olivet o' ' (communal palace
- , Detail from "La Dispttta
, .\ppartamento Borgia, Rome
Pinto, Fernao Men-
des, Portuguese traveller,
b. at Montemor-o-Velho near Coimbra, c. 1509; d Almada near Lisbon, 8 July, 1583. After serving „, ^^ - , ,
fage to the Duke of Coimbra, he went to the East (NationalGallery, London); the "Ascent of Calvary",
ndies in 1537, and, for twenty-one years, travelled, a splendid miniature (Borromeo Palace, Milan). He
chiefly in the Far East. In the course of his adven- waschiefly a frescoist, following principally the process
turous career at sea, he was, as he tells on the title of distemper ((cmpera). There are frescoes of his in the
at of SanGimignano); a"Coronationof the Virgin" (Pin-
as acotheca of the Vatican); the "Return of Llysses"
