POPE
274
POPE
(149) Clement II, 1046-17
Benedict /A' (b), 1047-48
(150) Damasus II, 1048
(151) St. Leo IX, 1049-54
(152) Victor II, 1055-57
(153) Stephen IX (X), 1057-58
(154) Benedict X, 1058-59
(155) Nicholas II, 1059-61
(156) Alexander II, 1061-73 Honorius II, 1061-64
(157) St. Gregory VII, 22 Apr., 1073-25 May, 1085 Clement III, 1084-1100
(158) Victor III, 9 May, 1087-16 Sept., 1087
(159) Urban II, 12 March, 1088-29 July, 1099
(160) Paschal II, 13 Aug., 1099-21 Jan., 1118 Sylvester IV, 110.5-11
(161) Gelasius II, 24 Jan., 1118-28 Jan., 1119 Oregon/ VIII, 1118-21
(162) Callistus II, 2 Feb., 1119-13 Dec, 1124
(163) Honorius II, 15 Dec, 1124-13 Feb., 1130 Celestiiie II, 1124
(164) Innocent II, 14 Feb., 1130-24 Sept., 1143 Aiiaclfttis II, 1130-38
Victor IV, 1138
(165) Celestine II, 26 Sept., 1143-8 March, 1144
(166) Lucius II, 12 March, 1144 (cons.)-15 Feb.,
1145
(167) Eugene III, 15 Feb., 1145-8 July, 11.53
(168) Anastasius IV, 12 July, 1153 (cons.)-3 Dec,
1154
(169) Adrian IV, 4 Dec, 1154-1 Sept., 1159
(170) Alexander III, 7 Sept., 1159-30 Aug., 1181 Victor IV, 11.59-64
Paschal III, 1164-68 Callistus III, 1168-78 Innocent III, 1179-80
(171) Lucius III, 1 Sept., 1181-25 Nov., 1185
(172) Urban III, 25 Nov., 118.5-20 Oct., 1187
(173) Gregory VIII, 21 Oct.-17 Dec, 1187
(174) Clement III, 19 Dec, 1187-March, 1191
(175) Celestine III, 30 March, 1191-8 Jan., 1198
(176) Innocent III, 8 Jan., 1198-16 July, 1216
(177) Honorius III, 18 July, 1216-18 :March, 1227
(178) Gregory IX, 19 ]Mar"eh, 1227-22 Aug., 1241
(179) Celestine IV, 25 Oct.-lO Nov., 1241 (ISO) Innocent IV, 25 June, 124.3-7 Dec, 1254
(181) Alexander IV, 12 Dec, 1254-25 May, 1261
(182) Urban IV, 29 Aug., 1261-2 Oct., 1264
(183) Clement IV, 5 Feb., 126.5-29 Nov., 1268
(184) St. Gregory X, 1 Sept., 1271-10 Jan., 1276
(185) Innocent V, 21 Jan.-22 June, 1276
(186) Adrian V, 11 Julv-18 Aug., 1276
(187) John XXI, 8 Sept., 1276-20 May, 1277
(188) Nicholas III, 25 Nov., 1277-22 Aug., 1280
(189) Martin IV, 25 Feb., 1281-28 March, 1285
(190) Honorius IV, 2 Apr., 1285-3 Apr., 1287
(191) Nicholas IV, 22 Feb., 1288-4 Apr., 1292
(192) St. Celestine V, 5 July-13 Dec, 1294
(193) Boniface VIII, 24 Dec, 1294-11 Oct., 1303
(194) Benedict XI, 22 Oct., 1303-7 July, 1304
(195) Clement V, 5 June, 130.5-20 Apr., 1314
(196) John XXII, 7 Aug., 1316-4 Dec, 1334 Nicholas V, 1328-30
(197) Benedict XII, 20 Dec, 1334-25 Apr., 1342
(198) Clement VI, 7 May, 1342-6 Dec, 1352
(199) Innocent VI, 18 Dec, 1352-12 Sept., 1362
(200) Urban V, 6 Nov., 1362 (cons.)-19 Dec, 1370
(201) Gregory XI, 30 Dec, 1370-27 March, 1378
(202) Urban Vl, 8 Apr., 1378-15 Oct., 1389 Clement VII, 1378-94
(203) Boniface IX, 2 Nov., 1389-1 Oct., 1404 Benedict XIII, 1394-1424
(204) Innocent VII, 17 Oct., 1404-6 Nov., 1406
(205) Gregorv XII, 30 Nov., 1406-4 Julv, 1415
(206) Alexander V, 26 June, 1409-3 Mav, 1410
(207) John XXIII, 17 May, 1410-29 May, 1415
(208) Martin V, IJ >'ov., 1417-20 Feb., 1431
Clemc7it VIII, 1424-29
Benedict XIV, 1424
(209) Eugene IV, 3 March, 1431-23 Feb., 1447 Felix V 1439-49
(210) Nichols V, 6 March, 1447-24 March, 1455
(211) Callistus III, 8 Apr., 1455-6 Aug., 1458
(212) Pius II, 19 Aug., 1458-15 Aug., 1464
(213) Paul II, 31 Aug., 1464-26 Julv, 1471
(214) Sixtus IV, 9 Aug., 1471-12 Aug., 1484
(215) Innocent VIII, 29 Aug., 1484-25 July, 1492
(216) Alexander VI, 11 Aug., 1492-18 Aug., 1503
(217) Pius III, 22 Sept.-18 Oct., 1503
(218) Julius II, 1 Nov., 1503-21 Feb., 1513
(219) Leo X, 11 March, 1513-1 Dec, 1521
(220) Adrian VI, 9 Jan., 1522-14 Sept., 1.523
(221) Clement VII, 19 Nov., 1523-25 Sept., 1534
(222) Paul III, 13 Oct., 1534-10 Nov., 1549
(223) Julius III, 8 Feb., 15.50-23 March, 1555
(224) Marcellus II, 9-30 Apr., 15.55
(225) Paul IV, 23 iMay, 1.555-18 Aug., 1559
(226) Pius IV, 25 Dec, 1559-9 Dec, 1565
(227) St. Pius V, 7 Jan., 1566-1 Mav, 1572
(228) Gregory' XIII, 13 Mav, 1572-10 Apr., 1585
(229) Sixtus V, 24 Apr., 1585-27 Aug., 1.590
(230) Urban VII, 15-27 Sept., 1590
(231) Gregory XIV, 5 Dec, 1590-15 Oct., 1591
(232) Innocent IX, 29 Oct.-30 Dec, 1591
(233) Clement VIII, 30 Jan., 1592-5 March, 1605
(234) Leo XI, 1-27 Apr., 1605
(235) Paul V, 16 Mav. 1605-28 Jan., 1621
(236) Gregory XV, 9" Feb., 1621-8 July, 1623
(237) Urban VIII, 6 Aug., 1623-29 July, 1644
(238) Innocent X, 15 Sept., 1644-7 Jan., 1655
(239) Alexander VII, 7 Apr., 1655-22 May, 1667
(240) Clement IX, 20 June, 1667-9 Dec, 1669
(241) Clement X, 29 Apr., 1670-22 Julv, 1676
(242) Innocent XI, 21 Sept., 1676-11 Aug., 1689
(243) Alexander VIII, 6 Oct., 1689-1 Feb., 1691
(244) Innocent XII, 12 July, 1691-27 Sept., 1700
(245) Clement XI, 23 Nov., 1700-19 March, 1721
(246) Innocent XIII, 8 May, 1721-7 March, 1724
(247) Benedict XIII, 29 May, 1724-21 Feb., 1730
(248) Clement XII, 12 Julv," 1730-6 Feb., 1740
(249) Benedict XIV, 17 Aug., 1740-3 Mav, 1758
(250) Clement XIII, 6 Julv, 1758-2 Feb., 1769
(251) Clement XIV, 19 Mav, 1769-22 Sept., 1774
(252) Pius VI, 15 Feb., 1775-29 Aug., 1799
(253) Pius VII, 14 March, 1800-20 Aug., 1823
(254) Leo XII, 28 Sept., 1823-10 Feb., 1829
(255) Pius VIII, 31 March, 1829-30 Nov., 1830
(256) Gregorv XVI, 2 Feb., 1831-1 June, 1846
(257) Pius IX, 16 June, 1846-7 Feb., 1878
(258) Leo XIII, 20 Feb., 1878-20 July, 1903
(259) Pius X, 4 Aug., 1903-
RocABEK-n, Bibl. Maxima Pontificia (21 vols., Rome, 1695- 99): RoskovAnt. Romanus Pontifex tanquam Primas Ecde- si(E €t princeps cicitis e Monument, omnium strculorum demonstra- ius (16 vols., Neutra, 1867-79). The collection of Rocaberti embraces the works of more than a hundred authors (from the ninth to the seventeenth centurj') on the primacy. RosKovANr's work is a collection of documents dealing with the primacy, the civil principality, infallibility, the Vatican Council, etc. A valu- able feature of the work is a vast bibliography of books and pamphlets treating of the subject from the earliest times up to the date of publication, with useful appreciations of many of the works mentioned. Bellarmine, De Summo Pontifice in Conlrocersitc, 1 (Ingolstadt. 1601); Ballerisi. De primatu romani ponlificis in Miqne. Thesaurus, III, 906; Pal.mieri, D« Tomano pontifice (Rome, 1877); Passaglia, De prwrogatipis b. Petri apostoloTum principis (Ratisbon, ISoO) ; Hergenrother, Catholic Church and Christian State (London. 1876). On the primacy in the primitive Church: Rivington, The Primitive Church and the See of Peter (London. 1894); Idem. The Roman Primacy 430-451 (London, 1899); Chapman, Bishop Gore and the Catholic Claims (London, 1905), vi-i-ii.
On the right of the pope to receive appeals: Lupus, Divinum et immutabile S. Petri circa omnium sub cfelo fidelium ad Ro- manam ejus Cathedram Appellationes in Opera, VIII (Venice, 1726); Alexander Natalis, Hist. eccL, ssc. IV. dissertatio xxviii: De Jure Appellationum; Ballerini, Annotationes in Dissert.. V. Quesneltii in MiGNE. P. L.. LV, 534; Hefele- Leclercq. Hist, des conciles, I (2), p. 759 sq. (Paris. 1907). On the primacy of honour: Philups. Kirchenreeht (Ratisbon, 1854) ; HiNsCHlus, System des kathol. Kirchenrechts {Berlin, 1869).
