PHILIPPINE
11
PHILIPPINE
too proud to work, and extremely fanatical. Many of
them build their towns in the water, with movable
bamboo bridges connected with the shore. Flanking
thoir settlements they built colias or forts. The walls
of some of these were twenty-four feet thick and thirty
feet high. The United States Government respects
the Moro custom of discarding the hat, by permitting
the Moro Constabulary (military police) to wear a
Turkish fez and to go barefoot.
Extensive missionary work has been done by the Jesuits in Mindanao. Previous to the American oc- cupation, they ministered to 200,000 Christians in various parts of the islands. Even among the Moros their efforts were successful and in one year (1892)
blance, mentally, morally, and physically, between
individuals of the Visayas, but there is a great differ-
ence in their languages, a Visayan of Cebu, for instance,
will not understand a Visayan of Panay. For all that,
it is said that the Filipinos had a common racial origin
and at one time a common language. Physically, the
Filipinos are of medium height, although tall men are
to be found among them, especially in the mountain
districts. Generally speaking, they are of a brownish
colour, with black eyes, prominent cheek bones, the
nose flat rather than arched or straight, nostrils wide
and full, mouth inclined to be large, lips full, good
teeth, and round chin.
The following estimates of the Filipinos are selected
enes .\ueustinian Monaateo'
rt'iiteii l)y guveromeat The Walled City, from the Sea
they baptized 3000 Moros in the district of Diivao.
They established two large orphan asylums, one for
boys and the other for girls, at Tamontaca, where
liberated slave-children were trained to a useful life,
and which later formed the basis of new Christian
villages. For lack of support a great deal of this work
had to be abandoned with the withdrawal of Spanish
.sovereignty from the islands.
Chrislian Tribes. — The inhabitants of Luzon and adjacent islands are the Tagalogs, Pampangans, Bicols, Pangasinans, Ilocanos, Ibanags or Cagaydnes, and Zambali's. The must important of these are the Tagalogs, who iiiirnhcr about a million and a half; the Pampangans, almut HHl.OOO, excel in agriculture; the Bicols in Soul h-castcrn Luzon were, according to Blumenfritt, the first .Malays in the Philippines; the Pangasinans, in the |)ii)\iiice of that name, number about 300,000; the llcjcanos, an industrious race, occupy the north-western coast of Luzon; the Ibanags, said to be the finest i-ace and the most valiant men in the islands (Sawyer), dwell in Northern and Eastern Luzon. The Zambales were famous head- hunters at the time of the Siianish conquest, and made drinking-cups out of their enemies' skulls. They number about 100,000. The Visayan Islands are in- habited by the Visayas, the most numerous tribe of the Philippines. Fewer wild people are found among them than in other portions of the archipelago. The popu- lation is about 3,000,000. There is a strong resem-
from the United States Census Report of 1903. The
first gives an appreciation of the people shortly after
the arrival of the Spaniards and before they were
Christianized. The second and third are the views
of an American and an Englishman, respectively, of
the Christianized Filipino before and at the time of
the American occupation.
(1) Legaspi, after four years' residence, writes thus of the natives of Cebii: "They are a crafty and treacherous race. . . . They are a people extremely vicious, fickle, untruthful, and full of other supersti- tions. No law binds relative to relative, parents to children, or brother to brother. ... If a man in some time of need shelters a relative or a brother in his house, supports him, and provides him with food for a few days, he will consider that relative as his slave from that time on. . . .At times they se'l their own children. . . . Privateering and robbery have a natu- ral attraction for them. ... I believe that these natives could be easily subdued by good treatment and the display of kindness".
(2) Hon. Dean C. Worcester was in the Philip- pines in 1887-88 and 1890-93. He says: "The trav- eller cannot fail to be impre.ssed by his [the Filipino's] open-handed and cheerful hospitality. He will go to any amount of trouble, and often to no little expense, in order to accommodate .some perfect stranger. If cleanliness be next to godliness, he has much to recom- mend him. Hardly less noticeable than the almost
