TALBOT
432
TALBOT
most of them is an honour to the Faith they pro-
fess.
Mackenzie, Voyages from Montreal to the Frozen Pacific Ocean (2 vols., London, 1801); Harmon, A Journal of Voyages (And- over, 1820) : Ross, Adventures on the Columbia River (New York, 1832): MacLean, Notes of a Twenty-Five Years^ Service in the Hudson's Bay Territory (London, 1849); Morice, The Western Denis (Toronto, 1889); Idem, Carrier Sociology and Mythology (Ottawa, 1892); Idem, Notes on the Western Denis (Toronto, 1894); Idem, Three Carrier Myths (Toronto, 1896); Idem, Au pays de I'ours noir (Paris, 1897); Idem, History of the Northern Ijiterior of British Columbia {Toronto, 1904); Idem, Hist, of the Catholic Church in Western Canada (Toronto, 1910); Idem, The Great Dene Race (in course of publication at Vienna, Austria).
A. G. Morice.
Talbot, Jame8, fourth son of George Talbot and brother of the fourteenth Earl of Shrewsbury (b. 1726; d. 1790), is chiefly known for having been the last priest to be indicted in the public courts for say- ing Mass. He was educated at Douai, to which col- lege he was a great benefactor. In 1759, at the age of thirty-three, he was consecrated coadjutor bishop to Dr. Challoner. During his episcopate he was twice brought to trial, on the information lodged by the well-loiown "Informer" Payne, in 1769 and 1771 respectively. In each case he was acquitted for want of evidence, but the judge. Lord Mansfield, was plainly on his side, in consequence of which, though he was no friend to CathoUcs as such, his house was sacked during the Gordon Riots in 17S0. On the death of Bishop Challoner in 1781, Bishop James Talbot be- came Vicar Apostolic of the London District, which he ruled for nine years. He lived a retired life at Hammersmith, his unbounded charity gaining for him the title of "the Good Bishop Talbot". His chief work during these years was the completion of the purchase of the property at Old Hall, Herts, where he had a preparatory academy which afterwards de- veloped into St. Edmund's College. The penal law against Catholic schools still exi.sted, and Bishop Tal- bot was again threatened with imprisonment; but he contrived to evade punishment. During the last years of his life the Catholic Committee was already threatening trouble. In order to control it, Bishop Talbot allowed himself to be elected a member; but it was soon evident that the laymen were beyond control. The crisis however had not yet arrived when Bishop Talbot died at his house at Hammersmith.
The only connected account of his episcopate is in Ward, Dawn of Catholic Revival (London, 1909). For details of his trials, see Barnard, Life of Challoner (London, 1784) ; Burton, The Life and Times of Bishop Challoner (London, 1910); further allusions in Husenbeth, Life of Milner (Dublin, 1862); Brady, Catholic Hierarchy (London, 1877); Amherst, History of Catholic Emancipation (London, 1886); Ward, History of St, Edmund's College (London, 1893); Haile and Bonnet, Life of Lingard (London, 1911). See also Milner'b Obituary Sermon (MS. in Westminster Archives).
Bernard Ward.
Talbot, John, English Catholic layman, b. 1535(?); d. 1607(?). Only son and heir of Sir John Talbot, of Grafton, Worcestershire, he was the father, by Katharine, d. of Sir William Petre, of the Rev. George Talbot, Catholic priest, and ninth Earl of Shrewsbury. He became a member of Lincoln's Inn, 10 February, 1555-6. It was when passing through Smithfield, London, in July, 1580, with Mr. and Mrs. Talbot, that Bl. Robert Johnson, the martyr, was recognized by Sledd, the informer. Indeed, Fr. Persons, S.J., calls Bl. Robert "Mr. Talbot's priest" (Cath. Rec. Soc, II, 27), though, as it appears, he was, rather, Lndy Petre's. Talbot was conmiitted to thi' custody of the Dean of Westminster, 24 .\ugust, ].iS(), and :ift(TW;u(is removed to the hou.se of his brothcr-in-hiw. Sir John Petre, in Aldersgate Street. On 1 October, 1581, the plague being then rife in the City, he was moved to some other hou.s(^ within ten or twelve miles of London. In 158.1 the priest, Hugh Hall, confessed that he had in psist years been enter- tained by him. Later Talbot wa.s restricted to the house of one Henry Whitney, at Mitcham, Surrey,
and two miles round it. In 1588 he was imprisoned
in Wisbech Castle for having heard Mass contrary
to the provisions of the statute 23 Eliz. c. i. From
9 Dec, 1588, to about 13 May, 1589, he was liberated
on bail, owing to his own and his wife's bad health.
He then seems to have been restricted to his house in
Clerkenwell. On 12 March, 1589-90, he was ordered
into confinement at the house of Richard Fiennea
at Broughton in O.xfordshire, whence he was released
on bail for a fortnight on 24 May, 1590. He was again
allowed out on bail on 20 December, 1590, and 22
July, 1591. In 1592 he was at "Bickslie" (Bexley or
Bickley?) Kent. On 27 August, 1592, the recusants
formerly Imprisoned at Ely, Banburj', and Brough-
ton were ordered back to their respective prisons;
but an exception was made (17 September, 1592)
in favour of John Talbot. However, next year we
find him in Ely gaol. Thence he was Uberated on
bail for a considerable period to act as umpire in a
family dispute. Later on he was allowed to take
"the Bathes", presumably at Bath, on account of
his health. Between Michaelmas, 1593, and 10 March
following, he paid £120 in fines for recusancy. After-
wards he was imprisoned in Banbury Castle, whence
he was released on bail for two months, 27 Feb., 1596-
7, his leave being subsequently extended on 29 April,
1597, and 6 Nov., 1597. In 1601 he was living in
Worcestershire and pressure was brought to bear on
him to secure his influence to promote the candidature
of Sir Thomas Leighton as one of the parliamentary
representatives of the shire. In 1604 he was paying
£20 a month in fines for his recusancy, the benefit of
which was on 26 August granted to Sir William
Anstruther, who on 13 October in the same year ob-
tained his pardon. On the following 8 December
a warrant was issued for the release to him of £160,
due from him to the Crown in fines for recusancy.
In 1605 he was suspected of comphcity with the
conspirators of the Gunpowder Plot, one of whom,
Robert Winter, of Haddington, near Droitwich, had
married his daughter Gertrude. Robert Winter,
however, declared that he had said nothing on the
subject to his father-in-law, knowing that he would
not join the plot under any circumstances. Indeed
he had actually driven the fugitive conspirators from
his door. Tallsot was, nevertheless, arrested, and on
4 December, 1605, examined. On 26 September,
1606, the value of his recusancy was granted to Lord
Hay. His second son, John, father of the tenth
Earl of Shrewsbury, died in London in 1607, and he
himself probably died about the same year.
Calendars of State Papers Domestic, 1581 to 1610; Dasent, Acts of the Privy CoimciKLondon. 1890-1907); Strype, Life and Acts of John Whitgift, I (Oxford, 1822), 529; Idem. Annals of the Reform in England, IV (Oxford, 1824), 276; Hist. MSS. Commission Cal. of Cecil MSS., IV, 268; Cokatnb, Complete Peerage (London, 1887-1898); Rec. of Hon, Soc. oj Lincoln's Inn, Admissions, I (London, 1896), 62.
John B. Wainewright.
Talbot, John, Venerable. See Palasor, Thomas Venerable.
Talbot, Peter, Archbishop of DubUn, 166&-1680; b. at Malahide, Dublin, in 1620. At an early age he entered the Society of Jesus in Portugal, where he pursued his sacred studies with great dis- tinction. He was ordained priest at Rome, and subsequently for some years held the chair of theol- ogy at the College of .\ntwcrji. Meantime, through the Croniwellian usurii:ition, Charles II and the royal f;Hiiilv were comiiellcd to seek a refuge first in'P.aris and then at Cologne. Throughout tlie whole period of the king's exile, the four brothers of Dr. Talbot were atl:iche(l to the royal Court. The eldest brother. Sir Robert Talliot, had held a high commis- sion under Lord Ormond in the army in Ireland during tlie l'"ederation period, and w;ia now reckoned among the king's most confidential advisers. A
