TINGIS
736
TINTERN
to her religious duties many years before her death.
Her last book, fittingly called "Autumn Leaves"
(1898), was issued by a Cathohc firm, and contained
matter contributed not long before to "The Cathohc
World".
Talbot Smith in The Am Maria (24 July, 1909); Stedman AND Hutchinson, Amer. Lit.
Regina Randolph Jenkins.
Tingis, a titular see of Mauretania Tingitana (the official list of the Roman Curia places it in Maure- tania Csesarea). Tingis, now Tangier, is an ancient Phoenician town; Greek legend ascribes its foundation to the giant Antseus, whose tomb and skeleton are pointed out in the vicinity, or to Sophax, son of Her- cules and the widow of Antaeus. The coins call it Tenga, Tinga, and Titga, the Greek and Latin au- thors giving numerous variations of the name. Under the Romans this commercial town became, first, a free city and then, under Augustus, a colony (Colonia Julia, under Claudius), capital of Mauretania Tingi- tana. Portuguese in the fifteenth century, Spanish in the sixteenth, it became an English possession by the marriage of Charles II with the Infanta Catharine of Portugual. The English vacated it in 1684. When it was bombarded by the Prince de Joinville in 1844, it belonged to Morocco. The natives call it Tandja. It has about 40,000 inhabitants, of whom half are Mussulmans, 10,000 Jews, 9000 Europeans (7.500 Spanish). Towards the end of the third century Tangier was the scene of the martyrdom of St. Mar- cellus, mentioned in the Roman Martyrologj' on 30 October, and of St. Cassian, mentioned on 3 Decem- ber. It is not known whether it was a diocese in ancient times. Under the Portuguese domination it was a suffragan of Lisbon, and in 1570 was united to the Diocese of Ceuta. Six of its bishops are known, the first, who did not reside in his see, in 1468. Tan- gier is now the residence of the Prefect Apostolic of Morocco, which mission is in charge of the Friars Minor. It has a Cathohc church, several chapels, schools, and a hospital.
.Smith, Di'-l. of Gr. and Rom. Geogr., s. v.; Jordao, Memoria /(/'/.( ' ' '^ hipados de Ceuta e Tanffer (Lisbon, 1858); Tissot, h'r ' I'l geographie comparee de la MaUTitanie Tingilane
(I'l! -7' 11 sq.; Toulotte, Geographie de V Afrique chre-
(,.. l/(.-M;iifS (Montreuil, 1894), 247; MiSller, Ptolemy,
ed. Uii.oT, I, :')MI.
S. Petrides.
Tinin (Knin), See of, in Dalmatia, suffragan to Kalocsa-Bacs. Knin is a town on the right bank of the Kerka, twenty-five miles north-east of Sebenico. It was fortified by the Romans, who called it Ardula. At the request of Casimir IV, King of Croatia in 10.50, a Bishopric of Knin was created, sufTragan to Spalato; the bishop seems to have been attached to the court as preacher. Farlati in his "Illyricum sacrum", IV (Venice, 1775), givesahistory of the prelates of Knin, from Mark in 1050 to Joseph in 1755. The residential succession was interrupted by the Saracen invasion in 1622; when Venice captured the district in 1768, the Bishop of Sebenico was appointed to administer the diocese, which was united in 1828 to Sebenico. The ruins of the old Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist are still visible. To-day the see is suffragan to Kalocsa-Bacs, according to the "Schematismus" of Kalocsa (1909); the "Gerarchia cattolica" says the see is merely titular, and this would explain the ab- sence of statistics. The bishop, Monsignor Joseph Ldnyi, who resides at Nagy-Vdrad, was born at Ne- met-Prona, Diocese of Neusohl, 29 June, 1868; or- dained, 2 July, 1891 ; .Abbot of St. Saviour's and canon of Nagy-Vdrad; appointed bishop, 7 Nov., 1906, in succession to Monsignor John Maiorosy (b. at Al- Debro, Archdiocese of Eger, 10 July, 1831; appointed, 27 July, 1885).
A. A. MacEblean.
Tinos and Mykonos, Diocese of (Tinensis et
M YCONENSis) , a Latin dioceseof the Cyclades, contain-
ing over 126squaremilesandnumbering 13,000inhabi-
tants. It is called "verdant" though it is so only in
comparison with the other Greek islands more arid
than itself. In ancient times it was called Hydrussa,
i. e. abounding in water, though this is scarcely credible,
and Ophiussa because of the number of serpents
which inhabited it. Near the river there was a cele-
brated temple of Poseidon, discovered in 1902. The
island subjected itself to Xerxes at the time of his ex-
pedition against the Greeks, but afterwards defected
to Salamais and Plattea; it became finally subject to
Athens, then to Alexander of Pherse, afterwards to the
Rhodians, to whom it was given by Marcus Antonius,
later to the Romans. It is not known when Chris-
tianity was established there. LeQuien (Oriens Chris-
tianus, I, 943) mentions three early bishops; Ecdi-
cius, present in 553 at the Fifth (Ecumenical Council;
Demetrius, in 681 at the Sixth Council; Eustathius in
787 at the Seventh Council. The bishopric was a
suffragan of Rhodes in the seventh and tenth cen-
turies (Gelzer, "Ungedruckte . . . Texte der No-
titiae Episcopatuum", 542, 558); suppressed after the
conquest of the island by the Venetians in 1207, it was
re-established but as a metropolitan when Tinos
passed into the power of t he Turks in 1 7 1 4 . The metro-
politan see was in its turn suppressed in 1833, "Echos
d'Orient", III, 287. Under the Venetian domination,
which lasted from 1207 to 1714, Tinos had some Latin
bishops; ne\ertheless the earliest kno\vn date only
from 1329 (LeQuien, op. cit.. Ill, 1059;Eubel, "Hier-
archiacatholicamediia'vi", I, 512; 11,276; 111,333)
Little by little the island became almost completely Catholic. In 1781 it had 7000 CathoUcs dispersed throughout 32 villages (Hilaire de Barenton, "La France catholique en Orient", 221) ; some were of the Latin, others of the Greek Rite, and Le Quien (I, 943) affirms that at the same epoch there were more than 120 Greek Catholic priests subject to the Latin bishop. LInder the Venetian domination the schismatics were dependent on a protopapas who in turn depended on the Patriarchate of Constantinople. The Latin bishopric, at first a suffragan of the Archbishopric of Rhodes, afterwards of Arcadia in Crete, is now a suf- fragan of Naxos. Since at least the year 1400, the title of Mykonos has been joined to its own; further- more, the bishop administers the Diocese of Andros. The see numbers 4000 Catholics, 23 secular priests, a chapter-house, 26 parishes, a seminary at Xynara with only seven or eight students; the Franciscans have 2 houses and five religious, the Jesuits one house and ten religious, the Franciscan Tertiaries have about ten, the French Ursulines maintain an orphanage and a large boarding-school at Loutra, and they also di- rect through the Greek Sisters schools for girls, which number about forty in all. Tinos possesses an image of the Evanghelistria or of the Annunciation discov- ered in 1823 which attracts each year on 25 March and 15 August from 3000 to 4000 schismatic pilgrims (Echos d'Orient, V, 315).
Smith, Diet. Creek and Roman Geog., 3. v.; Zallont. Voyage d Tine (Paris, 1809); L.tcRoix. lies de la Grict (Paris, 1853), 439-41; Mai'ROMaras. Hidoire de Tinos (Athens, 1888), Greek; Geor- GANTOPOCI.OS, Tiniaca (.\thens, 1889), Greek.
S. Vailh£.
Tintem Abbey, in Monmouthshire, England, was founded in 1131 by Walter de Clare for Cistercian monks, who came from the Abbey of Aumone, in the Diocese of Chartres, itself founded only ten years be- fore. Walter's son Gilbert, first Earl of Pembroke, and probably also his grandson Richard Strongbow, conqueror of Ireland under Henry II. were buried at Tintern, the magnificent church of which dates from the end of the thirteenth century. The abbey re- ceived rich benefactions not only from the family of its founder but from other noble houses; and lists of ita
