GUADIX
43
HAMAR
1912); American Catholic Whos Who (St. Louis, 1911); Catholic
Standard and Times (Philadelphia), files.
Thomas F. Meehan.
Guadiz, Diockse of (Gdadicensis), in Spain, comprises the greater part of the Province of Gra- nada and a portion of the Province of Almerla. Acoi (Accitum) was the name of tlie old city situated in the region of the Bastetanos, the capital of which was Baza. It is not known for certain whether it is of Phoenician or of early Spanish origin. According to Macrobius, the primitive inhabitants paid homage to Mars under the name of Neton. Juhus Ca-sar estab- lished the Roman colony called Julia Gemella. The legend of the Seven Apostolic men preserved in the Miizarabie Missal places the episcopal see of St. Tcjrqiiatus in Guadix, and names him as one of the seven. The matron Luparia built a baptistery and primitive church. From then until 303, when Felix presided at the Council of Elvira, there is no record preserved of the Accitanian bishops. Liliolus at- tended the Third Council of Toledo in 589, and the names of the Accitanian bishops are to be found among those who attended the other Toletan coun- cils; Clarencius at the fourth and fifth; Justus at the sixth; Juhan at the eighth; Magnarius at the nmth and tenth; and Ricila, the last bishop whose name has come down to us before the Mohammedan inva- sion, at subsequent ones. In the Mozarabic period the diocese of Guadix continued to exist. Isidorus Pacensis mentions Frodoarius, who presided seven years over the See of Guadix. Quiricus assisted at
the Council of C6rdoba before 839. The Alniohades,
in the t.welftli <'pntury, destroyed this together with
the oilier Amlalusian sees; it was not restored until
the time of (he C'alliolic sovereigns. Cardinal Pedro
Gonzdlez de iVlontloza, Archbishop of Toledo, erected
the new see on 21 May, 1492, in virtue of the Apos-
tolic commission of Innocent VHI granted on 4
August, 1486, restoring, by right of postliminium, the
Apostolic rank possessed by the see previous to the
Mohammedan invasion. The See of Baza, founded
in 1306, was united to the See of Guadix in 1493.
The modern cathedral, on the site occupied by the
principal mosque, was commenced in 1710 and com-
pleted in 1796. The Seminary of St. Torquatus was
founded by Bishop Juan Jos6 Fonseca in 1595;
Charles IV founded an hospice in 1803, and the
present hospital occupies the ancient Jesuit college.
The present Bishop of Guadix is Mgr. Timotes Her-
nandez Mulas, b. at Morales del Vino, in the Diocese
of Zamora, 22 Aug., 1856, ordained in 1882, conse-
crated at Cuenca, 26 April, 1908, succeeded Mgr.
Maximiano Ferndndez del Rincon y Soto Ddvila in
the See of Guadix. The diocese contains about
116,000 Cathohcs, 62 parishes, 87 churches, 87 chap-
els, and 162 priests. There is a Franciscan friary at
Baza, homes of the Little Sisters of the Poor at Gua-
dix and Baza, Presentation, Franciscan, Conception-
ist, and Poor Clare nuns at Guadix.
Pedro SuArfz. Hist, del obispado de Guadix; Fl6rez, Espafla saffrada. Ill, IV, VII; Espafia^ sus monumentos y artes: Granada (Barcelona, 1885).
Ram6n Ruiz Amado.
H
Haberl, Francis Xavier, historian of sacred
music, editor, b. at Oberellenbach, Lower Bavaria,
12 April, 1840; d. at Ratisbon, 5 Sept., 1910. He
made his classical and theological studies at Passau,
Bavaria, where he was ordained priest, 12 August,
1862. Showing decided aptitude for music, he was
given every opportunity for study of the art, and was
entrusted with the direction of music in the seminary.
From 1867 to;_1870 Haberl resided in Rome, where he
was active as choirmaster at the German national
church, Santa Maria del Anima, and also made his-
tcirical and archa-ological researches. From 1871 to
1SS2 he directed the choir at the Ratisbon cathedral,
his incumbency forming one of the most brilliant
periods in the history of this famous institute. In
1S74 Haberl founded a school for church musicians at
Ratisbon, thus realizing the desire of his predecessors
and co-workers in the cause of church mu.sic reform.
This school, which began with three professors. Dr.
Haberl, Dr. Jacob, and Canon Haller, and only three
pupils, has since become the centre whither priests
and laymen from every country in Christendom have
gone to equip themselves with the necessary knowl-
edge to execute reform measures in their dioceses.
By his foresight and practical wisdom Haberl not
only secured permanency for the school in the shape
of endowment, but he built next to it a church, dedi-
cated to St. Cecilia, where pupils are given opportu-
nities for practising the knowledge they have acquired
in theory. In 1X68 Haberl re-edited the IMedicxa
version of the Gregorian chant, and the Holy See de-
clared his edition authentic and official for the uni-
versal Church. This form of the chant has since been
superseded by the traditional version now in course of
publication under the name of "Editio Vaticana".
As president of the St. Cecilia Society, which posi- tion he held from 1899 until his death, as editor of "Musica Sacra" and "Fliegende Blatter fiir Kirchen- musik", the official organ of the society, as the author of "Magister Choralis", now in the twelfth edition, and of innumerable articles on historical, theoretical,
and scientific subjects, but especially as director of
the school which he founded. Dr. Haberl wius always
the champion of the spirit and authority of the
Church in musical matters and a bulwark against the
modernizing tendencies of the present day. For
thirty years he gathered data and material for a criti-
cal edition of the works of Palestrina, completed in
1908 in thirty-three volumes, the first ten of which
were prepared by the joint labour of Th. de Witt,
J. N. Ranch, Fr. Espagne, and Fr. Commer. A
similar edition of the works of Orlando Lasso, under-
taken by him in company with Dr. Sanberger, he
left unfini-shed. In a time of frequent and vehement
controversies, of which he was often the object. Dr.
Haberl was always a model of charitv.
Musira mora (Ratisbon, WIO) ; Flieseiide' Bldller far Kirrhen- mu«ih (Ratisbon, 1910); RiEMANN, Musiklexikon (Leipzig, 1908).
Joseph Otten.
Hamar (Hamahcopia), Ancient See of (Ha- MAUENSis), in Norway, embraced Hedemarken and Christians Amt, and was formed in 1152 out of that of Oslo, when Arnold, Bishop of Gardar, (Jreenltmd (1 124-52), W!is appointed first Bishop of Hamar. He began to build the now ruined cathedral of Christ Church, which was completed about the time of BLshop Paul (1232-52). Bishop Thorfinn (1278-82) was exiled and died at Ter Doest in Flanders. Bishop Jorund (1285-86) was transferred to Trondlijem. A provincial council was held in 1380. The last Cath- olic bishop, Mogens (1513-37), was taken pri.soncr in his ca-stle at Hamar by Truid Ulfsltind, a Danish noble, and sent to Antvorskov in Denmark, where he was mildly treated until his death in 1542. There were at Hamar a cathednd chapter with ten canons, a school, a Dominican Priory of St. Olaf, and a monas- tery of the Canons Regular of St. Anthonv of Vienne.
Hansen. Hamar oa dels Bishopper (Hamar. 18(56); Ramsetb, Hamars Bys Historic (ibid., 1899); Lanoe, De nnrske Klostres His- toric (Christiania, 18.i6), 374-77, .')S9-91; Hislorisk Tidntkrift. 3rd series. I (Christiania, 1890), 113-40, 244-69, 277-334; III (Christiania, 1895), 379-411.
A. W. Taylor.
