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THE CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA AN INTERNATIONAL WORK OF REFERENCE ON THE CONSTITUTION, DOCTRINE, DISCIPLINE, AND HISTORY OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH EDITED BY CHARLES G. HERBERMANN, Ph.D., LL.D. EDWARD A. PACE, Ph.D., D.D. CONDE B. PALLEN, Ph.D., LL.D. THOMAS J. SHAHAN, D.D. JOHN J. WYNNE, S.J. ASSISTED BY NUMEROUS COLLABORATORS FIFTEEN VOLUMES AND INDEX VOLUME XVI SPECIAL ED ITION TINDER THE AUSPICES OP THE KNIGHTS OF COLUMBUS CATHOLIC TRUTH COMMITTEE ■flew 13orft THE ENCYCLOPEDIA PRESS, INC.