Caballero, Ferna\ t (nom de plume of Cecilia Bohl von Faber). a noted Spanish novelist, b. at Morges, a small town in Switzerland, 25 December, 1796; d. at Seville, 7 April, 1S77. Her father was Nicolas Bohl von Faber, a German who had settled in Spain and enjoyed some reputation there as an author, and her mother was a native of Spain. She spent her early years in Germany and Italy, and came to Spain with her parents in 1813, settling at Cadiz. She was three times married and widowed, her first husband being Captain Planelles, whom she married when she was barely seventeen. Having lost her husband shortly after her marriage, she became in 1822 the wife of the Marques de Arco Hermoso. who died in 1835. Two years later she married Antonio Arron de Ayala, a lawyer, and for a time Spanish Consul in Australia. After the death of her third husband, in 1863, she retired to the royal palace at Seville, where she was enabled to reside through the friendship and influ- ence of her neighbour, the Due de Montpensier. Ferndn Caballero, who was much better known by her pseudonym than by her own name, was also a journalist, and at one time was a contributor to "La Ilustracion Espanola y Americana". But it was as a novelist that she made her reputation, her descrip- tive powers, in particular, being compared to those of Scott and Cooper. In 1849 she published her first novel, La Gaviota", which appeared originally in serial form in a newspaper. This work has been translated into several languages, the English version appearing in 1868 under the title of "The Sea Gull", and it has probably been more widely read by foreign- ers than any Spanish book of the century. Follow- ing " l.a Gaviota " there appeared from her pen many novels and short stories in which she describes, with much charm, grace, and exactness, the types and customs of the different classes of Spanish society, especially in Andalusia. Under the general title "Cuadros Sociales" were published, with others, "La Gaviota", "Clemencia", "La Familia de Alba- reda", and "Elfa". Her complete works were pub- lished at Madrid (1860-61) in thirteen volumes.
Fitzmacrick-Kelly, History of Spanish l/iterature (London, 1907); Obras Compklns dr Fern&n Caballero < 1860).
Ventura Fuentes.
Caballero, Raimtndo Diosdado, miscellaneous writer, chiefly ecclesiastical, b. at Palma, in the island of Majorca. 19 June, 1746; d. at Home, either 16 Jan., 1830,01 -28 j-pril,1829. He entered the Society of Jesus 1 5 November, 1752, held the chair of literature in the Jesuit College at Madrid for several years, and was deported with the other Jesuits to Italy when the So- ciety was suppressed in the Spanish dominions. In Ins ncu home Father Caballero developed a varied lit- erary activity. The following are the most import^ ant of his works: (1) " De prima typographic hispan- icse setate specimen" (Rome. 1793); (2) "Commen- tariola critica, primuin de discipline arcani, secundum de lingua evangelic) (Rome, 1798). — The author corrects in this work what he considers to 1* the mis- takes of Schelstrate and Hardouin, and proves that the native tongue of Christ and the Apostles was Syr- iac, not Greek, as Dominicus Diodatl (d. 1801) had maintained in his "De Christi loquente exercitatio" (Naples. 1767). (3)"Bibliothecse Scriptorum Socie- tatis Jesu supplements. Supplementing primum" (Home, 1814), " Supplementum alteram" (Rome, 1816); (4) Father Caballero shows his Scriptural
knowledge in his "Tetraglotton D. Marci Evangelium,
et Marcologia critica"; "El Evangelio de S. Marcos
escritoenlatin.griegoy hebreo.con lost res alfabetos".
(5) Not to mention several historical works, we may
add here his writings on American subjects: "Ob-
servaciones americanas, y suplemento eritico a la
historia de Mexico"; "Medios para estrechar mas la
union entre espanoles americanos y europeos";
" Consideraciones americanas".
Sommkryoohl, Bibl. de la c. dc J., II, 4S1 sqq. (Bmsseb, 1891); Hdrter, Nomcndator (Innsbruck, 189.5), III. 871.
A. J. Maas.
Caballero y Ocio, Juan, b. at Quereiaro, Mexico, 4May, 1644; d. there 11 April, 1707. A priest remark- able for lavish gifts to the Church and for charity. While still a layman he was mayor of his native city. After taking Holy orders he held several high offices. He gave large sums of money to several churches, and founded and endowed in his native city the church and college of the Jesuits, enlarged the Franciscan church, built the Dominican church and convent, constructed the Chapel of Our Lady of Loretto. to which he gave all his family jewels, founded the con- vent of Capuchin nuns, and built a hospital or in- firmary in St. Francis' convent. He gave dowries to more than two hundred girls, and left large sums of money for daily charities. In the city of Mexico he rebuilt the church of Santa Clara and contributed generously to the construction of the churches of Sts. Philip Neri and Belen. In Guadalajara he finished the church of St. Dominic, and for the missions of the newly discovered California he gave $150,000. Some years before his death he bequeathed his property for charitable purposes. He was remarkable for his humility and piety He refused two bishoprics which were offered to him at different times, and the title of Adelantado (governor) of California, which the King of Spain sent him, after his generous donation to those missions. Every year he used to make a spir- itual retreat, drawing at the same time his last will, and becoming the executor of his pious bequests until he renewed them the following year. Almighty God seemed to bless his charity, and the sums he left for charitable purposes were wonderfully preserved and increased for a century and a half, until the general spoliation of the Church in Mexico.
SlODKNZA Y Gongora, Glorias dr I.l;,r.!,im (Mexico, 1690);
Cirozco y Bkrra, Apindice <il Diceumario Universal (Mexico, 1856). MONTES DE OCA Y 0bREG6n.
Cabasa, a titular see of Egypt. About seven and one-half miles north of Sais (ruins at Ssa cl-Haggar) stands a little village called Shabas-Sounkour, or Shabas as-Shoada. It has been rightly identified with the see that figures in a Coptic-Arabian episcopal list of the seventh century under the names Shabas- Sanhoul and Gabaseos-tivari-Khevasen. Ptolemy (IV, v, 48) calls it Kabasa, and says it is the capital of the fifth rumws (Kabasites). The city is also known by its coins. It is mentioned by Pliny (V, ix, 9), Georgius Cyprius (cd. < ielzer, 730), and Hierocles (724,5). I art hey (cd.). "Xntitia Prima", about 840, gives it as the metropolis of .<Egyptus Secunda. Two of its bishops arc known: Theopemptus, present at Ephesus in AM and 449, and Macarius, an oppo- nent of Dioscorus at Chalcedon in 151.
De Rot-r.K. Qeographie aneienne dr la (Paris,
1S91>. 24. 162; Smith. Diet, of Greek and Rnmnn Qeog. (Lon- don, 1878). I. 462. S I'l TIUDES.
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