CANADA
239
CANADA
side the Province of Quebec the parish priest alone
takes charge of the goods of his church. These, in-
cluding church-buildings, cemeteries, parochial resi-
dences, etc., belong to the episcopal corporation, and
it is the bishop who is responsible for them in the
eyes of the Government. Members of religious orders
are under the same ruling as secular priests, and have no
need for property requiring special incorporation;
they are always in charge of parishes or missions.
(2) Religious Orders and Congregations. — There are now in Canada more than twenty communities of priests, about ten of brothers, and more than seventy of sisters. The Sulpicians are not the oldest commu- nity, but they have been in the country continually since 1657. They have wo large parishes in Mon- treal, Notre Dame and Saint-Jacques, several chaplain- cies, and the management of a college, a seminary, and a school of philosophy, all flourishing institutions, with a total of 800 students. The Sulpicians number eighty-four, and support a number of schools, pro- tectories, asylums, and hospitals. The Jesuits, who returned in 1842, have 25 houses in Canada, 7 in Alaska, and 309 religious, including 125 priests, 96 scholastics, 8S lay brothers, engaged in various col- leges (Montreal and St. Boniface), parishes, and mis- sions (Quebec, Sault Sainte Marie, Peterborough, and Hamilton). The Oblates of Mary Immaculate are the apostles of the North- West. The Archbishop of St. Boniface and five bishops of the North- West are members of this congregation, which has about 265 priests and 96 lay brothers, with houses in Quebec, Montreal, and Ottawa, and in the last named city a university, a scholasticate, a juniorate, and several
S Irishes. The Dominican Fathers are located in St. yacinthe, Ottawa, Montreal, Quebec; the Clerics of St. Viator in Montreal, Joliette, Valleyfield, Quebec, St. Hyacinthe, Ottawa, and St. Boniface: the Fathers of the Holy Cross, with the colleges of Saint-Laurent (Montreal), Memramcook (St. John), and other houses in the dioceses of St. Hyacinthe ami Quebec; Basilians, Toronto. Sandwich, London, and Hamilton; Re- demptorists. Quebec, Ste. Anne de Beaupre, Mon- treal, Toronto, St. John, St. Boniface, and Ottawa; Eudists, Halifax, Vicariate Apostolic of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence, Chatham (N. B.), Rimouski, Chicou- timi, and Valleyfield; Capuchins, Ottawa, Rimouski, and Quebec; Franciscans. Montreal, London, Que- bec, and Three Rivers; Trappists, Montreal, Notre- Dartie d'Oka, Notre-Dame de Mistassini, Chicoutimi, Notre-Dame des Prairies, St. Boniface, Notre-Dame du Calvaire, Chatham (N. B.), and Notre-Dame de Petit Clairveaux, Antigonish; Fathers of the Company of Mary, Montreal, Ottawa, Kingston, and Victoria; Canons Regular of the Immaculate Conception, St. Boniface, St. Albert, Prince Albert, and Ottawa; Fathers of St. Vincent de Paul, Quebec and St. Hyacinthe; Fathers of the Holy Ghost, Ottawa; White lathers of Our Lady of Algiers, Quebec; Fathers of the Sacred Heart of Issoudun, Quebec; Fathers of the Most Holy Sacrament, Montreal; Fathers of Chavagnes in the North-West Territory; Carmelites, Toronto; Missionaries of La Salette, St. Boniface, Sherbrooke, and Quebec; Benedict- ines. Prince Albert; Fathers of the Resurrection, Hamilton. The Brothers of the Christian Schools number nearly 800. with 60 houses, 49 of which are in the province of Quebec, and teach about, 30,000 children in 6 dioceses. Other institutes from France share this task of education: Brothers of the Sacred Heart, 8 dioceses, 21 houses, 326 religious; Marist Brothers, 5 dioceses, 24 houses, 205 religious; Brothers of Christian Instruction, 8 dioceses, 26 houses, 240 religious; and Brothers of St. Gabriel, 5 dioceses, 19 houses. 120 religious. Mention should also be made of the Brothers of the Cross of Jesus, of St. Francis Xavier, of St . Francis Regis, of Charity, and of the Congregation of Mary.
The oldest communities of women are the Sisters
of the Order of Saint Augustine of the Hotel- Dieu
(1639) and the Ursulines (1639), Quebec; then come
(he Sisters of the Congregation of Notre Dame,
founded at Montreal (1657) by Venerable Mother
Marguerite Bourgeoys, the Hospitalers of St. Joseph
(1659), Montreal, and the Hospitalers of the Mercy
of Jesus (General Hospital of Quebec, 1693). The
eighteenth century saw the foundation of the Grey
Nuns (Saurs Grises) of Montreal by Venerable
Madame Marguerite Marie d'Youville (1740). The
other communities came from France or arose in
Canada during the nineteenth century. The follow-
ing is a list of the principal congregations founded in
Canada: —
Name
Diocese of
Foundation
Dab
ft
•-
B
Pupils
5
Coiiet. of Notre
Dame
Montreal
1657
1.351
161
127
31,555
21
Grey Nuns, di-
vided since
1854
Mont real
1
17 II
IX 111
II ,<
779
Kit
1 in
56
HI
17
6
'; Si Hyacinth
' Ottawa
Islll
114
57
14
6
IS 1.1
602
77
46
8
SistersofProv-
idence
Montreal
1S43
1,668
160
S3
17
Sisters of the
Holy Names
of Jesus and
Mary
Montreal
1843
1,081
193
70
20.071
14
Sisters of the
Holy Cross.
Montreal
1847
470
110
37
12.581
12
Sisters of
Mercy
Montreal
1848
144
42
s
6
Sisters of St.
Anne
Montreal
1 s.-.i 1
818
lii.l
,ii;
16.7S!)
11
Servants of the
Heart of
Mary
Quebec
is.io
320
>"
26
5,489
7
Sisters of St.
Joseph
Hamilton
1 S.I 1
132
19
12
1,701)
1
Sisters of the
Assumption
\ let
is;,:;
367
53
41
5 in
7
Religious of
Jesus and
Mary
Quebec
1855
292
41
12
4.722
6
Sisters of the
Precious
templative)
SI Hyacinthe
isci
240
120
12
12
Little Sisters
of the Holy
Family
St. John
ls.74
296
192
32
15
There are also the Little Daughters of St. Joseph
(Montreal); the Sisters of Charity of Providence
(Kingston); the Sisters of Charity (St. John, N. B.);
the Sisters of St. Joseph (St. Hyacinthe); the Sisters of
our Lady of the Holy Rosary (Rimouski); the Sisters
of Perpetual Help (Quebec); the Sisters of Good Coun-
sel (Chicoutimi); Servants of Jesus and Mary (Ot-
tawa For further information refer to "Le Canada
Ecclosia.st.ique", Montreal, 1908. Many orders have
come from France in times past, several as the result
of recent persecutions. Among those coming from
France, we should mention the Ursulines (Quebec,
Three Rivers, Chicoutimi, Sherbrooke. Chatham i;
Hospitalers of the Mercy of Jesus (Quebec); Hospital-
ers of St. Joseph (Montreal. Nicolet. Kingston, chat
ham, London, Alexandria); Sisters of the Sacred
Heart of Jesus (Montreal, Halifax, London); Sisters
of the Good Shepherd of Angers (3 dioceses); Sisters
of Loreto (Toronto, Hamilton, London); Sisters of
the Holy Cross and the Seven Dolours (Montreal,
Joliette, Alexandria, Sherbrooke, Pembroke, Ottawa);
Sisters of the Congregation of St. Joseph (Toronto);
Sisters of the Presentation (St. Hyacinthe, Nicolet,
Sherbrooke, Prince Albert); Sisters of Jesus and
Mary (Quebec, Rimouski); Sisters of our Lady of
Charity of Refuge (Toronto, New Westminster);
School Sisters of Notre Dame (Hamilton); Carmelites
(■.Montreal); Daughters of Wisdom (Ottawa, Peter-
borough, Chatham); Faithful Companions of Jesus
