Spires, in French churches, 113-117; difficulties in adapting its octagonal plan to the square substructure, 114; strengthened by squinches, 117;—few large ones now remain, 117; of the ch. of Chamant, 113, 114 (cut);—the cath. of Chartres, 115 (cut);—the ch. of St. Vaast de Longmont, 113;—the cath. of Senlis, 115, 116 (cut).
- English, rare in early pointed architecture, 166; peculiarity of English construction, 167.
- German, 181; early ones ill adjusted to the spire, 181.
- Of the cath. of Burgos, 199. Squinches, 117.
Stained glass, employment of, in Gothic architecture, 2 1; effect on the character of window openings, 91.
- French Gothic, 300-304; earliest examples, 301; its developed style peculiar to Gothic, 301; limitations due to the nature of the materials employed, 301; distinguished from wall painting, 301; the mediæval designer adhered strictly to the conventions proper to his art, 302; modern attempts to give the art a wider range, 302; the glass of St. Denis and Chartres, 303 (cut); other examples, 304; nothing peculiar in other countries, 309.
- English, 309.
Statues, neither used as supports nor set in niches in early Gothic, 254.
Stilting of the longitudinal arches of a vault, 16; its real significance, 68; of the longitudinal ribs in the cath. of Amiens, 75 (cut), of Chartres, 73 (cut), of Noyon, 49; the expedient unknown in Italy, 183.
Strasburg, cathedral, its imperfect Gothic character, 175; facade, 179; spire, 181; sculpture, 293.
Street, on the Spanish pointed architecture of the 1 3th cent., 196; on the portals of the cath. of Santiago, 297.
String-courses, Gothic, 214-217; change from the flat to the sloping form, 215; becomes a drip moulding, 215;—interior mouldings, 216; reason for the sloping form, 216;—of the cath. of Amiens, triforium, 216 (cut), 277 (cut);—the ch. of St. Evremont at Creil, 214 (cut);—of Morienval, buttresses, 215 (cut); of Nogens-les-Vierges, 214 (cut); the cath. of Noyon, 278 (cut); Paris, drip moulding, 215 (cut), triforium of the nave, 216 (cut);—Senlis, choir, 215.
- English, 235 (cuts);—Italian. 246.
Style, architectural, 7.
Sully, Maurice de, his sculpture on the west front of the cath. of Paris, 255. Symbolism of animal forms in Gothic sculpture, 266.
Tarragona, cathedral, its dome, 196.
Technical skill generally accompanied by decline in expressional power, 256.
Tiercerons, 18;—in Lichfield cath., 156;—in Lincoln cath., vaults of the nave, 144 (cut), of the presbytery, 154.
Tintern Abbey, pier arches, 149.
Titian, the decorative elements of his work as distinguished from the pictorial, 307.
Toledo, cathedral, modelled after the French Gothic, 196; clerestory of apsidal aisle, 198.
Towers, of the Gothic facade, 103;—of the Abbaye-aux-Hommes at Caen, 104, 105 (cut);—the ch. of Morienval, 113 (cut); of St. Loup, 115.
- Of English churches, 165-166; general provision for a central tower at crossing of nave and transept, 165; of Lincoln cath., 162, 166 (cut).
- Of German churches, 181.
- Italian, seldom incorporated with the church edifice, 191; a building of several stories, 192.
- See also Spires.
Tracery, development of, 88; necessity of, in large windows, 91; in the cath. of Paris, clerestory, 85 (cut), 89; Reims, apsidal chapels, 89 (cut).
- Italian, 193.
- See also Mullions, Windows.
Transepts, of French churches, 102; too common in English chs. , 167; of Lincoln cath., 135.
Transept chapels, 102.
Transept ends, Italian, usually square, 191.
Transept facades, 102; of English churches, 160.
- German, 180.
Triforium, always enclosed by masonry in French buildings, 91;—of the cath. of Amiens, 91;—the Abbaye-aux-Dames at Caen, 152 (cut);—the ch. of Cerisy-la-Foret, 87;—the cath. of Noyon, 50, 87;—the ch. of St. Remi at Reims, 96;—of St. Denis, 44, 91;—of St. Germer, 87;—the cath. of Senlis, 44.
- Usually open to the roof of the aisle in English chs., 139;—of Canterbury
