CAMPHINE 311 CANAANITIES the World War the Campfire Girls gave service in various lines of activity, in cul- tivating war gardens, and making gar- ments and bandages for the Red Cross. In the Liberty Loan campaigns they sold and subscribed for millions of dollars' worth of bonds, and were equally active in the sale and purchase of Thrift Stamps. They conserved food, cared for little children while the mothers were away at woi'k, and contributed largely to the support of French and Belgian or- phans. The membership in 1919 consist- ed of 7,384 camps and 100,747 member.'^. The main body is in the United States, but there are branches in England, Scot- land, Canada, South America, China, Africa, Japan, Alaska, Hawaii, Porto Rico, and the Philippines. CAMPHINE, the commercial term for purified oil of turpentine, obtained by distilling the oil over quicklime to free it from resin. It is used in lamps, and gives a very brilliant light; but, to pre- vent smoking, the lamp must have a very strong draught. With oxygen it forms camphor. CAMPHOR, a powerful diffusible stimulant and antispasmodic, extensively used in medicine and in the manufacture of celluloid and explosives. Borneo or Sumatra camphor is a kind of camphor made from Dryohalanops aromatica, or Dryobalanops camphora, a genus of the order Dipteracese, or Dipterads. It dif- fers from ordinary camphor in having six-sided crystals. In chemistry, the symbol of camphor is CioHibO. It is called also laurel cam- phor. Camphor is obtained by distilling with water the leaves and wood of the camphor-tree, Camphora officinanim, for- merely called Lauras camphora. It is a solid white volatile crystalline mass, tough and difficult to powder, has a pe- culiar odor; thrown on water it revolves and is slightly soluble. It is very soluble in alcohol, ether, and strong acetic acid. It has a dextro-rotary action on polar- ized light. Many essential oils deposit an inactive variety. Most of the cam- phor of commerce comes from Formosa. It is used to preserve natural history collections and cloths in drawers from the ravages of insects. CAMPION, THOMAS, an English poet; bom about 1570; was by profes- sion a medical man. He wrote a volume df "Poems" (1595), being Latin elegies and epigrams. He published (1610- 1612) four "Books of Airs," containing songs written by himself to airs of his own composition. He died in London, March 1, 1619. CAMPOBASSO, formerly MOLISE, a province of Abruzzi, central Italy; is a very mountainous and sterile region; has comparatively little industry. There are some iron and steel manufactures; and grain, wine, and vegetables are pro- duced. Capital, Campobasso (pop. about 16,000). Area, 1,691 square miles; pop. about 360,000. CAMPOBELLO, an island in Passama- quoddy Bay, in Charlotte co.. New Brunswick. It is noted as a summer re- sort. Though copper and lead ores exist, the inhabitants are chiefly engaged in the herring, mackerel, and cod fisheries. The island is 8 miles long. Pop. about 1,500. CAMPO-FORMIO, a town in Italy, 66 miles N. E. of Venice, famous for the treaty of peace between Austria and France, which was signed in its neigh- borhood on Oct. 17, 1797. Its chief pro- visions were that Austria should cede the Belgian provinces and Lombardy to France, receiving in compensation the Venetian states. CANA (called by the natives Kefr- Cana; or Kana-el-Jelil) , a town of Pal- estine, celebrated in Scripture as the scene of our Lord's first miracle, when he turned water into wine, is now a small village of a few hundred inhabit- ants, who are principally Greek Chris- tians, or Nazarenes, situated about 13 miles W. of the Sea of Galilee, and 6 miles N. of Nazareth. CANAAN (ka'nan),the country W. of the Jordan, called also Chanaan, and the Land of Canaan, after one of the sons of Ham. The Greeks applied the term Cana to the entire region between the Jordan and the Mediterranean up to Sidon, afterward termed by them Phoe- nicia, a name which by degrees came to be confined to the N. coast district, or Phoenicia proper. Canaan is generally considered equivalent to the Land of Is- rael or Palestine. CANAANITES, THE, a word used in two senses: (1) For the tribe of the "Canaanites" only — the dwellers in the lowland. The whole of the country W. of Jordan was a "lowland" as compared with the loftier and more extended tracts on the E. (2) Applied as a general name to the non-Israelite inhabitants of the land. Like the Phoenicians, the Canaanites were probably given to commerce; and thus the name became probably in later times an occasional synonym for a merchant. Like almost all nations, the inhabit- ants of Canaan had legends that their
