DRED SCOTT CASE 423 DRESDEN Sriver have a capacity of over 1,000 cubic yards per hour. Dredging- is also the operation of dragging the bottom of the sea in order to bring up oysters, or to procure shells, plants, and other objects for scientific observation. The oyster dredge is a light iron frame with a scraper like a narrow hoe on one side, and a suspend- ing apparatus on the other. To the frame is attached a bag made of some kind of netting to receive the oysters. The dredges used by naturalists are mostly modifications of or somewhat similar to the oyster dredge. embellished by Augustus the Strong (1694-1736), and rapidly increased dur- ing the 19th century. Among the chief edifices besides several of the churches are the museum containing a famous picture-gallery and other treasures; the Japanese Palace (Augusteum), contain- ing the royal library of from 300,000 to 400,000 volumes, besides a rich collection of manuscripts; the Johanneum, contain- ing the collection of porcelain and the historical museum, a valuable collection of arms, armor, domestic utensils, etc., belonging to the Middle Ages. The royal palace contains (in what is called the BUCKET AND SUCTION DREDGE DRED SCOTT CASE, a notable case before the Supreme Court of the United States in 1856. A negro called Dred Scott, with his wife and two children, had been held as slaves by a Mr. Emer- son in Missouri. After Dr. Emerson's death, Scott and his family claimed to be free, as having resided with their owner in a free territory. The decision was hostile to their claim, and they were held to be still slaves. DREISER, THEODORE, an Ameri- can author and journalist; born in Terre Haute, Ind., 1871. After a common school education he began newspaper work in Chicago, in 1892. After 1898 he did special work for magazines. In 1905 he became editor of "Smith's Maga- zine," then, subsequently edited the Broadway Magazine" (1906-1907). From 1907 till 1910 he was editor-in-chief of the Butterick publications. Among his best known books are: "Sister Carrie" (1900) ; "The Genius" (1915) ; "A Hoosier Holiday" (1916), and "The Hand of the Palter," a tragedy (1919). DRESDEN (drez'den), the capital of Saxony, formerly a kingdom, but now a state in the German Republic; situated in a beautiful valley on both sides of the river Elbe. It is first mentioned in his- tory in 1206, was greatly extended and Green Vault) a valuable collection of curiosities, jewels, trinkets, and works of art. The city is distinguished for its excel- lent educational, literary, and artistic institutions, among which are the Poly- technic School, much on the plan and scale of a university; the Conservatory and School of Music; the Academy of Fine Arts, etc. The manufactures are various in character; the china, however, for which the city is famed is made chiefly at Meissen, 14 miles distant. The commerce is considerable. The chief glory of Dresden is the gallery of pic- tures, one of the finest in the world, which first became of importance under Augustus II., King of Poland, and Elec- tor of Saxony, but owes its most valuable treasures to Augustus III., who pur- chased the greater portion of the gallery of the Duke of Modena for $900,000. The pictures number about 25,000, and in particular comprise many fine specimens of the Italian. Dutch, and Flemish schools. Besides this fine collection the museum contains also engravings and drawings amounting to upward of 350- 000. There is here also a rich collection of casts exemplifying the progress of sculpture from the earliest times, and including copies of all the m.ost important antiques. It suffered severely in the
