FRIEZE 222 FRISIANS other Christian bodies by the special stress they lay on the immediate teach- ing and guidance of the Holy Spirit, and their belief that no one should be paid or appointed by human authority for the exercise of the gift of the ministry. In obedience to this belief they hold their meetings without any prearranged serv- ice or sermon, and sometimes in total silence. The Friends believe that the sacraments of Baptism and the Lord's Supper are to be taken spiritually, and not in an outward form. Their protests against the use of oaths and against the exaction of tithes and church rates cost them much suffering and frequent im- prisonment during the first 50 years of their existence. The simplified dress which Friends adopted from conviction 200 years ago became stereotyped into a uniform. This dress has generally been given up, as have the "testimony" against music and singing in its rigid application, and the peculiarities of speech, such as the use of "thee" and "thou" instead of "you" (though many Friends still retain this custom among themselves), and the avoidance of all titles of courtesy. Of late years there has been a very decided evangelical move- ment among Friends, under the influence of which the old quietism is dying out. As a result of this change the influence of the Society beyond its own borders, through home and foreign missions and adult First Day (Sunday) Schools has developed to a remarkable extent. There is in the United States a numerous body of Friends called Hickiites (from their founder, Elias Hicks), who separated from the orthodox community. They hold latitudinarian views. The Wilburite section are conspicuous in Pennsylvania by their adherence to the livery and the "plain language." Large numbers of persons who do not appear in the statis- tical returns attend the Mission meetings of the Society of Friends, and very large numbers come under their influence in the foreign mission field. In the World War (1914-1918) the Friends were not enlisted as combatants because of their principles, but they performed valiant services behind the lines in hospitals, in helping refugees, etc., and in rebuilding devastated towns. See Fox, George: Hicks, Elias. The Orthodox body had in 1919 94,111 communicants, 790 churches and 1,232 ministers. The other three bodies had 20,603 communicants, 218 churches and 50 ministers. FRIEZE, in architecture, that portion of the entablature which is between the architrave and the cornice. It was gen- erally adorned with triglyphs in the J)oric order, the intervening spaces, called metopes, being filled with sculp- tured figures in alto-relievo, or with the skulls of oxen and wreaths alternately; while in the Corinthian and Composite orders it was ornamented with figures ov scroll work in low relief, extending along its entire length. The term frieze was also applied to a broad band oi" sculpture, in low relief, that was frequently placed round the cella of a Grecian temple, im- mediately under the ceiling of the portico, and completely surrounding the exterior. In modern domestic architecture a frieze is frequently introduced immediately be- low the cornice of an apartment. FRIGATE, originally a MediterrP'i"!^- vessel propelled by sails and oars; after- ward a ship of war, between a sloop or brig and a ship of the line. Such ves- sels generally carried from 30 to 50 guns on the main deck and on a raised quarter deck and forecastle. They were usually employed as cruisers or scouts. The name is now given to a vessel of war having an upper flush deck, and one covered gun deck. The armament is from 28 to 44 guns. The grade is be- low a ship of the line and above a cor- vette. The rating of ironclads is differ- ent, the guns being larger and fewer in number. A double-banked frigate is one carrying guns on two decks and having a flush upper deck. FRIGATE BIRD, tachypetes, a genus of natatorial birds, family Pelecanidge, and specially Tachypetes aquihis. They have a long and forked tail, and an ex- pansion of wings sometimes reaching 12 feet. They abound on both the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of tropical America. They are called also man-of-war birds. FRIGENTO, or FRICENTO (fre- tshen'to) , a town of south Italy, province of Avellino, 17 miles E. N. E. of Avellino. It has a fine cathedral, containing some excellent paintings. Its inhabitants sub- sist by the sale of sheep, hogs, and corn. Near it is a valley, supposed, apparently on good grounds, to be identical with the Amsancti valles of Virgil. In the low- est part is an oval pool in which water boils and spouts up, at irregular inter- vals, accompanied by strong sulphurous and mephitic exhalations. It was through this orifice that the Fury Alecto descended to Tartarus. FRISIANS (friz'shans), or FRISII (later called Frisones), an ancient Ger- manic people, who inhabited the extreme N. W. of Germany, between the mouths of the Rhine and Ems, and were sub- jected to the Roman power under Drusus. They were subdued by the Franks, and, on the division of the Carlovingian em-
