PUENTERRABIA, 228 FULLER FUENTERRABIA, or FONTARABIA, a fortified frontier and seaport town of Spain, in Biscay, province of Guipuzcoa, on a small neck of land, on the left bank of the Bidassoa, at its mouth 20 miles W. by S. of Bayonne. The town used to be reckoned one of the keys of the kingdom, but its walls were leveled by the British troops in 1813. Fuenterrabia was taken, in 1521, by Francis I. of France, in 1719, by the Duke of Berwick. FTJGGER (fog'ger), the name of a rich and illustrious family of Suabia, descended from a weaver, who originally lived in the environs of Augsburg, about 1300. They were at first successful in selling clothes, but afterward extended their dealings, and became merchants, accumulating an immense fortune. Reach- ing the height of their affluence at the commencement of the 16th century, they rendered considerable services to the Em- perors Charles V. and Maximilian, by making them large advances. These princes bestowed titles of nobility on the Fugger family, and they soon became connected with the best blood of Ger- many. Promoted to the highest dignities of the empire, they did not any the more neglect the pursuits cf commerce. Their riches were always forthcoming for the improvement of their birthplace, Augs- burg. The best known of them are the three brothers, Ulric, James and George; and afterward Raymond and Antony, both sons of George. Ulric received for his loans to Maximilian the eountship of Kirchberg, and the seigniory of Weis- senhorn, which afterward remained in the possession of his family. He was a great encourager of learning. Antony and Raymond bore, to a great extent, the expenses of the expedition of Charles V. against Algeria, obtaining from him the permission to coin money. Several of this family still exist, and Augsburg owes its position on the Continent, as a financial center, to the energy and talent of the Fuggers. FUGITIVE SLAVE LAW, a law which was enacted by the Congress of the United States in 1850. By its pro- visions a slave escaping from his master into another State was to be seized and restored to his owner, and any person aiding in his flight was to be deemed guilty of having committed a penal offense. The most noted case arising during this exciting period of national history was that of Dred Scott. FUGUE, in music, a polyphonic compo- sition constructed on one or more short subjects or themes, which are harmon- ized according to the laws of counter- point, and introduced from time to time with various contrapuntal devices; the interest in these frequently heard themes being sustained by diminishing the inter- val of time at which they follow each other, and monotony being avoided by the occasional use of episodes, or pas- sages open to free treatment. The chief elements of a fugue are: (1) the subject; (2) the counter-subject, or contrapuntal harmonization of the answer by the part which has finished the enunciation of the subject; (3) the answer; (4) episodes; (5) the stretto; and (6) the pedal point. FUKIEN, or FOKIEN, a province of China, situated on the sea-coast. It has an area of 46,320 square miles and an estimated population of 8,560,000. The capital is Foochow. Formosa, formerly a part of the province, was separated from it in 1886. Low mountain ranges cross from southwest to northeast. The only level tracts are found near the mouths of the Min and Lung rivers. The soil is well adapted to cultivation and produces large quantities of tea, rice, sweet potatoes, wheat, indigo, sugar, etc. There is also an important lumbering industry in the interior. Tea is grown widely. The province has been for cen- turies noted for its production of porce- lain. The two treaty ports are Foochow and Amoy. In 1889 another port, San Tu Ao, was voluntarily opened to foreign trade. FUKUOKA, a city of Japan, on the north coast of Kiushiu. It has a number of important buildings, including a castle, and has a public garden. Pop. about 85,000. FULDA, LUDWIG (fol'da), a Ger- man dramatist; born in Frankfort-on- the-Main, July 15, 1862. One of his first pieces, a comedy in verse, "Honest Men," was repeatedly put on the stage. His most successful plays are the two come- dies "Under Four Eyes" (1886) and "The Wild Chase" (1888); and the drama of society "The Lost Paradise" (1890). His dramatic tale "The Talis- man" (1893) was received with extraor- dinary favor. The French Government conferred on him the Legion of Honor in 1907. FULLAM, or FULHAM (from Ful- ham, a suburb of London, England, which was a notorious resort of blacklegs in the reign of Queen Elizabeth), false dice. FULLER, HENRY BLAKE, an Am^er- ican author; born, of New England blood, in Chicago, 111., Jan. 9, 1857. He was in- tended for a mercantile career, but entered literature with "The Chevalier of Pensieri-Vani" (new ed. 1892) . ^nd "The Chatelaine of La Trinite" (1892). He next wrote "The Cliff Dwellers"
