GARONNE 264 GARRISON ritory in the department of Haute Ga- ronne, flows in a general N. E. course to Toulouse, then bends to the N. W., and continues to flow in that direction till joined by the Dordogne, about 20 miles below Bordeaux, and widening af- terward into the estuary which bears the name of the Gironde, it enters the Atlantic at the Pointe de Grave. The estuary, the largest in France, is nearly 50 miles long. The total length of the river is about 346 miles; it drains an area of about 22,020 square miles. Its navigation, which, however, is much im- peded above Toulouse, commences for small craft at Cazeres; ocean steamers go up to Bordeaux. Its principal afflu- ents are the Tarn, Lot, and Dordogne, on the right ; and on the left, the Save, Gers, and Baise. At Toulouse it is joined by the Canal du Midi, which running E. to the Mediterranean, forms with the Ga- ronne a means of communication be- tween that sea and the Atlantic; and the river's own "side canal," starting also from Toulouse, runs along the right bank, receives the Montauban canal, and spans several streams in its course, cross- ing the Garonne itself at Agen by a mag- nificent viaduct, and returning to the river at Castets, after a total length of 120 miles. The valley of the Garonne is noted for the beauty of its scenery, but is liable to destructive inundations. GARONNE, HAUTE, a department in the S. of France, embracing portions of ancient Gascony and Languedoc; area 2,457 square miles, Pop. about 432,000. It is watered throughout by the Garonne, from which it derives its name, and with- in the basin of which it wholly lies. Occupied in the S. by a branch of the Pyrenean range, the slope of the depart- ment and the course of its streams are toward the N. and N. E. Apart from this S. mountainous region, the depart- ment is hilly and fertile. The soil in the valleys is remarkably productive, and bears heavy crops of wheat, maize, flax, hemp, potatoes, and rape seed. Orchard fruits and chestnuts are produced in abundance, and the annual yield of wine is over 20,000,000 gallons, two-thirds of which is exported. The chief manufac- tures are woolen and cotton fabrics, paper and hardware. Capital, Toulouse. GAROO, a trading station of the Chinese empire, near a source of the Indus, 16,000 feet above sea-level; lat. 31° 40' N., Ion. 80° E. Here an active commerce is carried on in exchanging Chinese and Tibetan commodities for those of India and Kashmir. GARRICK, DAVID, an English actor; born in Hereford, England, Feb. 20, 1716. His grandfather was a French refugee, his father a captain in the army. He was educated at Lichfield grammar school, spent a short time at Lisbon with an uncle, and returning to Lichfield was placed under Samuel Johnson, who was induced to accompany him to the me- tropolis (1736). Garrick then began to study for the law, but on the death of his father joined his brother Peter in the wine trade. He had, however, as a child a strong passion for acting, and in 1741 he joined Giffard's company at Ipswich under the name of Lyddal. At Giffard's theater in Goodman|s fields he achieved a great success as Richard III., and in 1742 was not less successful at Drury Lane. In 1745 he became joint manager with Mr. Sheridan of a theater in Dublin, and after a season at Covent Garden (1746) purchased Drury Lane in conjunction with Mr. Lacy, opening it Sept. 15, 1747, with the "Merchant of Venice." From this period may be dated a comparative revival of Shakespeare, and a reform both in the conduct and license of the drama. He had already written his farces of "The Lying Valet," "Lethe," and "Miss in her Teens"; and in 1766 he composed,, jointly with Col- man, "The Clandestine Marriage." After the death of Lacy in 1773 the sole man- agement of the theater devolved on Gar- rick till 1776, when he sold his moiety of the theater for £37,000, performed his last part, Don Felix in "The Wonder," for the benefit of the theatrical fund, and bade an impressive farewell to the stage. As a man Garrick was highly respected, the chief defect of his charac- ter being vanity. As an actor he ranks with the best and was almost equally great both in tragedy and in comedy. He died in London, Jan. 20, 1779, and was buried with great pomp in Westminster Abbey. GARRISON, a military term^ signify- ing a body of troops stationed in a fort or fortified place to defend it from the enemy, or to keep the people around in subjection; also a fort or fortified place manned with soldiers, guns, etc. ; also the state of being stationed in a fort or forti- fied place for its defense, a doing duty in a garrison; winter quarters for troops. GARRISON, LINDLEY MILLER, an American lawyer and public official. He was born in Camden, N. J., in 1864, and was educated at Phillips Exeter and Harvard University. After grad- uating from Harvard he studied law in Philadelphia, being admitted to the bar in 1886. After building up a consider- able practice he became in 1904 vice- chancellor of New Jersey, and in 1913
