ENID 30 ENTOMOLOGY ENID, a city of Oklahoma, the county- seat of Garfield co. It is on the Atchi- son, Topeka and Santa Fe, the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific, and the St. Louis and San Francisco railroads. It is the center of an important agricul- tural and poultry-raising district. Its industries include the manufacture of flour, lumber, machinery, boilers, brick, steel posts, candy, etc. It is the seat of the Phillips University, St. Francis Institute, College of Fine Arts, a State institution for the feeble-minded, and has a public library, excellent schools, Federal and county buildings, parks and hospitals. Pop. (1910) 13,799: (1920) 16,576. ENNEBY, ADOLPHE PHILIPPE D' (den-ne-re'), a French dramatist; born in Paris in 1811; began life as a clerk, but later turned to the drama. He sub- sequently became the master of modern melodrama. During the 50 years of his active life he accumulated a fortune of $1,200,000. His most successful plays include "Taking of Peking"; "Two Or- phans"; "Martyrdom"; "The Grace of God," and "Grandmother." He died in Paris, Jan. 26, 1899. ENNIS, a city of Texas, in Ellis co. It is on the Texas Central and the Texas Midland railroads. It is the center of an important agricultural and stock- raising region and its industries include cotton compresses, cotton gins, cotton- seed oil mills, railroad shops, flour mills, etc. Pop. (1910) 5,669; (1920) 7,224. ENNISKILLEN, a borough in Ireland, 87 miles W. S. W. of Belfast; famous for the victory, in 1689, of the troops of William III., under Lord Hamilton, over a superior force of James II., under Lord Galmoy. The banners taken in the battle of the Boyne hang in the town hall. The noted regiment of Enniskil- leners, or 6th Dragoons, was first insti- tuted from the defenders of the town. ENNS, a river in Austria, which rises in the Alps of Salzburg, flows N., then E. N. E., then N. N. W., entering Upper Austria ("Above the Enns"), which for 15 miles it separates from Lower Aus- tria ("Below the Enns"), and finally enters the Danube a little below the town of Enns. Total course about 180 miles. ENSIGN, the flag or colors of a regi- ment. Also a former rank of commis- sioned officers in a regiment of infantry, by the senior of whom the regimental ensigns or colors are carried. The name is now abolished, the title of 2d lieuten- ant being substituted for it. In the navy, the national ensign consists of a red-and- white striped flag, 13 stripes, with blue field in upper inside corner containing a silver star for each State of the Union. Carried by all American vessels except yachts, which have an ensign of their own. Also the title of the lowest grade of commissioned officers in the United States navy. ENTENTE CORDIALE (on-tonf kor- di-al'), a cordial understanding, or friendly disposition and relations, be- tween the governments of two or more countries. ENTENTE NATIONS. Those govern- ments which were allied against the cen- tral European states in the war of 1914- 1918. The Triple Entente consisted of France, England, and Russia. The cir- cumstances of the war early forced Bel- gium to become a member and in 1915 Italy joined the group. Servia, Rou- mania, and Montenegro were the Balkan states which became allies. Japan was an early ally, but the United States, while actively participating in the strug- gle, never was a member of the Entente. ENTERIC FEVER, the correct desig- nation of what is usually called typhoid fever. ENTERITIS (-i'tis), inflammation of the small intestines, marked by diar- rhoea, pain, aggravated on pressure, quick and strong pulse, with increased temperature. It is very apt to become chronic, chiefly from obstruction to the hepatic circulation, especially by escape of blood from the portal vein. ENTOMOLOGY, the branch of zoology which treats of insects. Insects have jointed bodies and limbs, an enveloping cuticle of chitin, a ventral chain of gan- glia, a dorsal brain, and breathe by air- tubes or tracheae. Contrasted with peri- patus and myriopods, they have made two great steps of progress; the body is centralized, with locomotor limbs re- duced to three pairs, and all the typical average forms have wings. Insects fre- quently have a metamorphosis in their life history. The adult body is divided into (1) a head, with three pairs of ap- pendages (=legs), plus a pair of pre- oral outgrowths, the antennae or feel- ers; (2) a thorax, with three pairs of jointed legs, typically plus two pairs of dorsal, compressed sacs — the wings; (3) an abdomen, without legs, except in so far as these are rudimentarily repre- sented in stings, ovipositors, etc. In- sects exceed in number all other animals taken together. Over 80,000 species of beetles or coleoptera and about 15,000 moths and butterflies have been re- corded; and Speyer estimates the total census at 200,000.
