HAMPTON 461 HAMPTON INSTITUTE on a range of hills 4 miles N. "W. of Lon- don. It was formerly famous for its medicinal springs, and is still a favorite place of residence and of holiday resort among Londoners. On the summit of the hill (430 feet), above the village, is the Heath, which affords extensive and pleasant prospects of the surrounding country. A house on the Heath was at one time the place of resort of the fa- mous Kit-Cat Club, at which Steele, Ad- dison, Richardson, Walpole, and others used to assemble. Hampstead is asso- ciated with many names in literature and art, as those of Pope, Gay, Johnson, Byron, Romney, Coleridge, Keats, Shel- ley, Leigh Hunt, and Landseer. Pop. 85,500. HAMPTON, a town and county-seat of Elizabeth City co., Va., on the James river, and on the Chesapeake and Ohio railroad, and several steamship lines; 15 miles N. W. of Norfolk. It is the seat of the Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute for Indians and Negroes, and a National Soldiers' Home. It is a fash- ionable resort, having a good bathing ground at Old Point Comfort, and being within 2 miles of Fortress Monroe. It carries on considerable trade in fish and oysters, and manufactures brick and fish oil. The town hag weekly newspapers, and a State bank, library. Soldiers' Home and a National Cemetery. Pop. (1910) 5,505; (1920) 6,138. HAMPTON, a village of Middlesex, England, on the Thames, 15 miles S. W. of London. In the vicinity are many fine mansions and beautiful villas, including Garrick's villa. Pop. about 7,000. HAMPTON COURT PALACE, long a royal residence, and now partially occu- pied by persons of good family in re- duced circumstances, standing about a mile from the village of Hampton, Eng- land, in the midst of grounds that ex- tend to the Thames. The original palace was erected by Cardinal Wolsey, and by him presented (1526) to Henry VIII., who enlarged it and formed around it a royal deer park. Here Edward VI. was born, his mother. Queen Jane Seymour, died, and Charles I. underwent a portion of his confinement. Here, too, was held the famous Hampton Court Conference. The court continued to be a royal resi- dence down to the time of George II. A considerable portion of it was rebuilt by William III., from designs by Wren, and he also laid out the park and gardens in the formal Dutch style. The picture gal- lery contains several Italian works, Lely's Beauties of the Court of Charles II., and valuable specimens of Holbein, Kneller, West. etc. The gardens have among other attractions a "maze" or Vol. IV— Cyc— DD labyrinth. Damage, estimated at $100,- 000, was caused by fire in November, 1886. HAMPTON, WADE, an American military officer; born in South Carolina in 1754; fought in the Revolutionary War under Sumter and Marion ; was a member of Congi'ess, 1795-1797 and 1803-1805. He was commissioned Col- onel in the United States army in 1808; promoted Brigadier-General in 1809, and Major-General in 1813; served in the War of 1812; and resigned his commis- sion in April, 1814. He died in Colum- bia, S. C, Feb. 4, 1835. HAMPTON WADE, an American military officer; born in Charleston, S. C, March 28, 1818; grandson of Wade Hampton {q. v.) ; was graduated at South Carolina College. At the outbreak of the Civil War he was believed to be one of the richest of Southern planters and owned the greatest number of slaves. He entered the Confederate army; raised and in part equipped the Hampton Le- gion, and was chosen its commandant; was wounded in the first action at Bull Run and also at Gettysburg. He was promoted Major-General May 11, 1864, and in August of the same year ap- pointed commander-in-chief of the Con- federate cavalry in northern Virginia; was promoted Lieutenant-General in 1865. He greatly distinguished himself in several important actions, including the defeat of Sheridan's cavalry at Tre- villians, Va. After the conclusion of peace he was a stanch advocate of con- ciliation between the North and South; was elected governor of South Carolina in 1876 and 1878; held a seat in the United States Senate in 1878-1890; and was appointed United States Commis- sioner of Railroads in 1893. He died in 1902. HAMPTON NORMAL AND AGRI- CULTURAL INSTITUTE, a school opened in 1868 in Hampton, Va., under the auspices of the American Mission- ary Association. In 1870 the school received a charter from the General As- sembly of Virginia. The farm land, and the workshops where trades are taught, furnish occupation for the boys, while the girls are similarly instructed and employed in sewing and cooking classes, doing all the domestic duties of the school, and wherever possible learning trades side by side with the boys. At the end of 1919, the institute reported 1,222 students and 111 professors and instructors, President, James E. Gregg, D. D. In 1878, 15 Indians, who had been in charge of Capt. R. H. Pratt, at St. Augustine, Fla., as prisoners of war,
