EUTAW SPRINGS 65 EVANS earthquakes are frequent. Pop. about 1,300. EUTAW SPRINGS, a small tributary of the Santee river in Clarendon co., S. C. It is noted for the battle fought on its banks in 1781, between about 2,000 Americans under General Greene, and about 2,300 British under Colonel Stuart. The latter were defeated and driven from their camp but returned and Greene was compelled to retire. In the night, however, the British retreated toward Charleston, leaving 138 killed and wounded and about 500 prisoners. The Americans lost about 550 in killed, wounded and missing. EUTERPE (-ter'pe), one of the Muses, considered as presiding over Ijrric poetry, the invention of the flute being ascribed to her. She is usually repre- sented as a virgin crowned with flowers, having a flute in her hand. In botany, a genus of palms, natives of South Amer- ica, sometimes nearly 100 feet in height. EUTHANASIA, a term employed to describe painless methods of inducing death. The subject is chiefly of interest in respect to the close of illnesses in which the death agony is likely to be prolonged, and methods of easing pain in such cases by narcotics and similar means are regarded as admissible. The actual hastening of death in an appar- ently incurable illness is, however, a graver matter, and the weight of ethics, law and religion is strongly against such action, which is regarded as tantamount to actual slaying. The adage that while there is life there is hope expresses the fundamental principle opposed to eu- thanasia, and the cases are numerous of ultimate recovery on the part of a pa- tient who has been doomed by expert opinion. EUTROPIUS. FLAVIUS, a Latin historian, who flourished about A. D. 360. His abridgement of the history of Rome is written in a perspicuous style. EVANGELICAL, a term often used to qualify certain theological views, es- pecially strict views on the question of the atonement, justification by faith, the inspiration and authority of the Scrip- tures, and allied doctrines. In England the so-called Low Church party is evan- gelical in its views. In a more general sense the word implies a peculiar fer- vency and earnestness in insisting on such doctrines as regeneration, i-edemp- tion, etc. The "Evangelical Chui-ch" is the official title of the Established Church of Prussia, formed in 1817 by the union of Lutherans and Calvinists. EVANGELICAL ALLIANCE, an as- sociation of members of different sections of the Christian Church, organized in London in 1846, to lend its influence in favor of evangelical doctrines (see Evan- gelical) , religious union and liberty, and against superstition and unbelief. The alliance has branches throughout the world. EVANGELICAL ASSOCIATION, a body of American Christians, chiefly of German descent, established about the beginning of the 19th century. In forni of government and mode of worship it generally agrees with the Methodist Episcopal Church. EVANGELICAL UNION, the name of a religious sect, also familiarly known as the Morisonians, from the Rev. James Morison, its originator. It took rise in Scotland in 1840, and three years after- % ard organized itself as a separate Christian denomination. The Morison- ians maintain the universality of the atonement, combining with this the doc- trine of eternal personal and uncondi- tional election, and denying that anyone will be condemned for Adam's fall. EVANGELIST, a writer of the his- tory or doctrines, precepts, actions, life, and death of Christ; in particular, the "four evangelists," Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John. EVANS. SIR ARTHUR JOHN, an English archaeologist, born in Nash Mills, Herts, in 1851. He was educated at Oxford and in Germany. He spent 10 years in travel in eastern Europe, especially in the Balkans. From 1884 to 1908 he was keeper of the Ashmolean Museum at Oxford. In 1893 he under- took investigations in Crete, and these resulted in the discovery of remarkable archaeological remains, which gave a new aspect to the history of prehistoric Eu- rope. He wrote "Cretan Pictographs and Prae-Phoenician Script" (1896); "Scripta Minoa" (1909). He was knighted in 1911. EVANS, AUGUSTA JANE (WIL- SON), an American novelist; born in Columbus, Ga., May 8, 1835. Her writ- ings include: "Inez, a Tale of the Alamo" (1856) ; "Beulah," the most popular of her novels (1859); "St. Elmo" (1866); "At the Mercv of Tiberius" (1887) ; "A Speckled Bird" (1902) ; "Devota" (1907). She died in 1909. EVANS. ROBLEY DUNGLISON. an American naval oflicer; born in Floyd CO., Va. ; was graduated at the United States Naval Academy in 1863; pro- moted ensign, Oct. 1. 1863; lieutenant, July 25, 1866; lieutenant-commander, March 12, 1868; commander, in July, 1878; captain, June 27, 1893; and rear-
