ROCKFORD 83 In the World War rockets were used by the different combatants as signals, but more often bombs discharging colored lights. ROCKFORD, a city and county-seat of Winnebago co., 111.; on the Rock river, and on the Illinois Central, the Chicago, Milwaukee, and St. Paul, the Burlington Route, the Chicago, Milwaukee and Gary, and the Chicago and Northwestern rail- roads; 85 miles W. of Chicago. Here are a United States Government building, Rockford College, high school, business college, waterworks, electric lights, hos- pitals, sanitariums, public library, several National banks, and a number of daily and weekly periodicals. The city has ex- tensive manufacturing interests, includ- ing large reaper factories, paper mills, flour mills, cotton and furniture factories, woolen mills, a large watch factory, and over 200 smaller factories. Pop. (1910) 45,401; (1920) 65,651. ROCKFORD COLLEGE, an institution for the higher education of women, founded at Rockford, 111., in 1849. In 1919 there were 194 students and 30 instruc- tors. President, W. A. Maddox, Ph.D. ROCKHAMPTON, a city of Queens- land, Australia, situated on the Fitzroy river, 397 miles N. W. of Brisbane. It is centrally situated and is the commer- cial center of the province, forming the port to the Mount Morgan gold workings. It has several notable buildings and open places, with botanical gardens and a bridge 1,160 feet long spanning the river. The industries are varied, the chief hav- ing relation to the frozen meat trade. Pop. (1919) 20,915. ROCK HILL, a city of South Carolina, in York co. It is on the Southern rail- road. It is the center of an important cotton growing and agricultural region and its industries include cotton mills, wagon factories, a fertilizer factory, brick works, foundry and machine shops. It has power developed from the power plant on the Catawba and Broad rivers. It is the seat of the Winthrop Normal and Industrial College of South Carolina, and has a public library and a hospital. Pop. (1910) 7,216; (1920) 8,809. ROCKHILL, WILLIAM WOOD- VILLE, an American diplomatist; born in Philadelphia, Pa., in 1854; entered the diplomatic service in 1884 as second sec- retary of legation at Peking, China; was charge d'affaires at Seoul, Korea, in 1886- 1887; was appointed chief clerk of the State Department in 1893; was made third assistant secretary of State a year later; and first assistant in 1896. He was appointed director of the Bureau of ROCKLAND American Republics in May, 1899. After the rescue of the foreign diplomats in Peking in 1900, and United States Min- ister Conger was panted leave of ab- sence, Mr. Rockhill was appointed a spe- cial ambassador to conclude peace nego- tiations. He was minister to China until 1905. Minister to Russia 1909, and to Turkey 1911-1913. He wrote "A Journey to the Eastern Parts of the World" (1903); "Treaties and Conquest; China and Korea" (1904) ; "Chau Ju-Kua" (1911). He died in 1914. ROCKING STONES, or LOGANS, large masses of rock so finely poised as to move backward and forward with the slightest impulse. They occur in nearly every country. Some of them appear to be natural, others artificial; the latter seem to have been formed by cutting away a mass of rock round the center- point of its base. ROCK ISLAND, a city in Rock Island co., 111.; on the Mississippi river, and on the Burlington Route, the Chicago, Mil- waukee and St. Paul, Chicago, Burling- ton and Quincy, the Davenport, Rock Island and Northwestern, the Rock Island Southern, and the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific railroads; 80 miles N. W. of Peoria. Here the Mississippi is spanned by a railroad bridge which cost $1,300,000. The city derives its name from a beautiful island in the river, which belongs to the United States, and is used by the Federal government for a great central arsenal, a large armory and foundry. A dam across the river furnishes abundant water power. Before and during the Black Hawk War there were block-house forts on this island, and during the Civil War the prison here was the place of detention of many Confederate prisoners. The city contains waterworks, street rail- road and electric light plants, Augus- tana College and Theological Seminary (Luth.), National and State banks, and daily and weekly newspapers. It has lumber mills, foundries, machine shops, manufactories of farming implements, soap, glass, stoves, etc. Pop. (1910) 24,335; (1920) 35,177. ROCKLAND, a city and county-seat of Knox co., Me.; on the W. shore of Penobscot Bay, 10 miles from the Atlan- tic ocean, and on the Maine Central rail- road; 40 miles S. E. of Augusta. The harbor here is large and has been greatly improved by the construction of a granite breakwater. There is regular steamboat connection with Boston and other ports. The city contains a United States govern- ment building, public library, street rail- road and electric light plants, waterworks on the ajravity S y S tem. National and State
