ROSAMOND 115 ROSCOE nuts or acini, or several-seeded follicles; the leaves are simple or compound, gen- erally with two stipules. Herbaceous plants or shrubs. The rosaces? are closely akin to the pomacese, the drupacese, the sanguiso-rbese, and some other orders. They are divided by Lindley into five families or tribes, rosidss, potentillidse, epiraeidss, quillaise, and neuradese. The rosacea? occur chiefly in the temperate and cold parts of the Northern Hemisphere; when they occur in the tropics it is gen- erally on high land. They are in general astringent, and have been regarded as febrifuges. A recent estimate gives 90 genera and 1,500 species. ROSAMOND, commonly called Fair Rosamond, the mistress of Henry II. of England. She was the daughter of Wal- ter de Clifford, a knight of property in various shires. Almost everything else related to Rosamond is legendary. The fable of the dagger and poison with which the jealous Queen Eleanor is said to have sought out her rival has not been traced higher than a ballad of 1611. She died in 1176 or 1177, and was buried in the Church of Godstow Nunnery, whence, however, Hugh of Lincoln caused her body to be removed in 1191. ROSANILINE, in chemistry, a red dye, occurring in commerce under the names of aniline red, azaleine, fuch- sine, magenta, roseine, etc. It is prepared by heating a mixture of dry arsenic acid and aniline to 140°, for six or eight hours. It forms colorless crystalline plates, which are colored red on exposure to the air, insoluble in water, but soluble in alco- hol. The aniline reds used in dyeing are generally monoacid salts of rosaniline more or less pure. ROSARIO, the third city of the Argen- tine Republic, and the largest in Santa Fe; on the W. bank of the Parana, 190 miles N. W. of Buenos Ayres. It has an excellent harbor, and carries on a large commerce direct with Europe ; the exports exceed $100,000,000. The houses for the most part are of a single story; for the rest, the city is laid out, on a smaller scale, on the lines of Buenos Ayres, with narrow streets, few and paltry plazas, and only one monument of note — a lofty marble shaft (1883) bearing a figure of Victory and surrounded by four statues. Tram- ways run in every direction, and there is a telephone to Buenos Ayres. The city possesses an exchange, a theater, a great bull-ring, two markets, hospitals, steam elevators, a sugar factory, etc. Rosario was founded in 1725. Pop. about 250,000. ROSARY, in ordinary language, a chaplet, a garland. Also, a bed of roses; a place where roses grow; or a coin so called from bearing the figure of a rose, of foreign coinage, about the size of a penny, but worth less than a halfpenny, chiefly smuggled into Ireland. In 1300 it was made death to import them. In comparative religion, a string of beads by means of which account is kept of the number of prayers uttered. In the Roman Catholic Church: (1) A form of prayer in which the "Hail Mary" is recited 150 times in honor of the Virgin Mary. It is divided into 15 decades, each of which begins with the "Our Father" (see Lord's Prayer), is accompanied by meditation on one of the mysteries in the life of our Lord, and ends with the dox- ology. This is properly called the Do- minican, or Great Rosary, but the name is often popularly given to the Chaplet, which contains but 50 aves. The 15 Mysteries which should be meditated on during the recitation of the Rosary are divided into three series, each correspond- ing to a chaplet: 1. Joyful. — The Annunciation, the Visi- tation, the Birth of Jesus, the Presenta- tion in the Temple, the Finding- in the Temple. 2. Sorrowful. — The Agony in the Gar- den, the Scourging at the Pillar, the Crowning with Thorns, the Carrying of the Cross, the Crucifixion. 3. Glorious. — The Resurrection, the As- cension, the Descent of the Holy Ghost, the Assumption, and the Coronation of the B. V. M. There are also the Rosaries of St. Brid- get, of the Seven Dolors, of the Immacu- late Conception, of the Five Wounds, and the Crown of Our Saviour. (2) The beads on which any of the foregoing forms of prayers are said. ROSARY SUNDAY, the first Sunday in October; a feast instituted by Gregory XIII. for the Confraternity of the Rosary, and made of universal observance after the victory of the Emperor Charles VI. over the Turks, in gratitude to the Blessed Virgin. An impetus has been given to the devotion of the rosary by Leo XIII., who enjoined its daily use in public dur- ing October. Roses are blessed and dis- tributed as souvenirs, and the rosary is recited continually during the day. ROSCITTS, QUINTTJS, the most cele- brated comic actor at Rome; born a slave about 134 B. c. He realized an enormous fortune by his acting, and was raised to the equestrian rank by Sulla. He enjoyed the friendship of Cicero, who in his early years received instruction from the great actor. Roscius died about 62 B. c. ROSCOE, WILLIAM, an English his- torian; born in Mt. Pleasant, Liverpool,
