HOSE CHAFER 117 ROSEN March, 1894, the queen offered the post of prime minister to Lord Rosebery, and he carried on the government with no little success till July, 1895. He then urged on his supporters that the general election should be fought on the question of the predominance of the House of Lords. During 1896 his attitude on the Armenian question differed from that of Mr. Gladstone, and finally he decided on resigning the leadership of the party in order to leave himself an absolutely free hand on this question. He took no fur- ther active part in political life, but de- voted his time chiefly to historical writing. Lord Rosebery kept an excellent racing stud and in 1894 and 1895 he won the Derby. Among his publications are: "Napoleon" (1900) ; "Lord Randolph Churchill" (1906); "Chatham" (1910). ROSE CHAFER (Cetonia aurata), an injurious beetle, whose grubs destroy the roots of strawberries and other plants, while the adults spoil the flowers of roses, strawberries, and seed turnips. The eggs are laid in the ground; the full-grown grubs are whitish and about an inch and a half in length, after two or three years they pupate inside earthen cocoons. The adults, which are well able to fly from place to place, measure about an inch in length, are golden green above, coppery with a tint of rose beneath. The "rose- bug" of the Eastern United States is an- other beetle (Macrodactylus subspino- sus), a voracious pest which destroys the flowers of rosaceous plants. ROSECRANS, WILLIAM STARKE, an American military officer; born in Kingston, O., Sept. 6, 1819; was grad- uated at the United States Military Acad- emy in 1842; entered the army as brevet 2d lieutenant of engineers, but after serving for a year at Hampton Roads returned to West Point as assistant Pro- fessor of Engineering. In 1847 he again entered active service, but resigned in 1854 to become a consulting engineer and architect in Cincinnati, O. He began his career in the Civil War by organizing and drilling the Home Guard in Ohio; and in June, 1861, was placed in charge of Camp Chase. He was made colonel of the 23d Ohio Volunteers soon after- ward, and in a short time was appointed a Brigadier-General. He was second in command to General McClellan in the operations in West Virginia, engaging successfully in the actions at Rich Moun- tain, Va., and at Carnifax Ferry, Va., Sept. 10, 1861. In May, 1862, he com- manded the right wing of the Army of the Mississippi during the siege of Cor- inth; and on June 11, 1862, succeeded General Halleck in the command of that army. On Oct. 26, 1862, he relieved Gen- eral Buell of the command of the Army of the Cumberland, and on Oct. 30 began his memorable march to Nashville, Tenn. Owing to his defeat at Chickamauga in September of the following year he was superseded in command by General Thomas and assigned to the Department of Missouri. He was deprived of his com- mand Dec. 9, 1864, whereupon he retired to Cincinnati, where he remained inactive till the close of the war. In 1868 he was appointed United States minister to Mex- ico; in 1880 and 1882 was elected to Con- gress; and in June, 1885, was appointed register of the United States Treasury. An act passed in 1889 restored him to the rank of Brigadier-General in the army and placed him on the retired list. He died near Redondo, Cal., March 11, 1898. ROSEDALE, a city of Kansas, in Wyandotte co. It adjoins Kansas City, Kansas, on the N., and Kansas City, Mis- souri, on the E., and forms practically a part of Greater Kansas City. Pop. (1910) 5,960; (1920) 7,674. ROSELLE, a borough of New Jersey, in Union co., on the Lehigh Valley, the Central of New Jersey, and the Ranway Valley railroads. Its principal industry is the manufacture of hydraulic machin- ery. Its notable buildings include a high school and a borough hall. Pop. (1910) 2,725; (1920) 5,737. ROSELLE PARK, a borough of New Jersey in Union co., adjoining on the west the borough of Roselle. It is a separate borough and is entirely a residential place. Pop. (1910) 3,138; (1920) 5,438. ROSEMARY, the Rosmarinus offici- nalis, a native of the S. of Europe and Asia Minor, and cultivated in India, etc.; a very fragrant labiate plant with a white or pale-blue corolla. The leaves are sessile and gray with edges rolled round below. It^ is sometimes made into gar- lands. It is slightly stimulant, and tends to relieve headache and mental weariness. It is an ingredient in Hungary-water. It is also used as a conserve, and a liquor is made from it. ROSEN, ROMAN ROMANOVITCH, BARON, a Russian diplomat, born in 1849. He was educated at Reval, Dorpat, and Petrograd. He early entered the De- partment of Justice in the Russian Gov- ernment, from which he was promoted to the Department of Foreign Affairs. From 1886 to 1894 he was Consul at New York and was charge d'affaires at Wash- ington, during the first administration of President Cleveland. He served as Sec- retary of Legation in Japan for one term and as Minister for two terms. In 1905
