Business Interests.—Next to New Orleans, Savannah is the most important commercial city in the South. The largest vessels can enter the harbor, and the river is navigable as far as Augusta. There is regular steamboat communication with Baltimore, Philadelphia, New York, Boston, Liverpool, and the principal Southern cities. It holds the second place in the United States as a cotton emporium, and also exports in large quantities rice, lumber, fertilizers, and naval stores. In the fiscal year ending June 30, 1919, the value of imports aggregated $16,747,224; exports, $341,171,319. In 1914 the investment in industrial enterprises was $10,247,000, and the value of the product was $6,709,000. There are National and several other banks, and a large number of daily and weekly newspapers. The assessed property valuations exceed $60,000,000, and the total bonded debt is about $6,700,000.
Public Interests.—The city has an area of 6.8 square miles; an excellent street system; a system of waterworks that cost $1,250,000; and a sewer system covering nearly 25 miles. The streets are lighted by electricity. There is a public school enrollment of over 10,000 pupils, and annual expenditures for public education of about $200,000. The city contains a custom house, court house, Guard's Arsenal, Chatham Academy, Cotton Exchange, Telfair Academy of Arts, a medical college, Convent of St. Vincent de Paul, St. Joseph's Infirmary, Episcopal Orphans' Home, and other charitable institutions.
History.—Savannah was founded in 1733 by General Oglethorpe. In 1776 a British fleet, attempting to take the town, was repulsed after a severe action; and it was taken in 1778, and held in October, 1779, against the combined American and French forces. In the latter action Count Pulaski was killed. Savannah received its city charter in 1789. During the Civil War it was blockaded by the Federal navy, and on Dec. 12, 1864, it was occupied by General Sherman. Pop. (1910) 65,064; (1920) 83,252.
SAVANNAH, a river of the United States, which forms the N. E. boundary of Georgia, and separates it from South Carolina. It is formed by the junction of the Tugaloo and Kiowee, 100 miles by the course of the river above Augusta, and is navigable to the city of Savannah for vessels drawing over 28 feet.
SAVARY (sä-vä-rē′), ANNE JEAN MARIE RENÉ, DUC DE ROVIGO, a French military officer; born in Marcq, France, April 26, 1774. He entered the army as a volunteer in 1790, served with distinction on the Rhine, in Egypt, and in the battle of Marengo (1800). Napoleon made him commander of his bodyguard and employed him in diplomatic affairs. In 1804, as commandant of the troops stationed at Vincennes, he presided at the execution of the Duc d'Enghien; and in the wars of 1806-1808 he acquired high military reputation at Jena, in the capture of Hameln, and by his victory at Ostrolenka (Feb. 16, 1807). Created Duke of Rovigo, he was sent to Spain, and negotiated the perfidious arrangement by which the Spanish king and his son were kidnapped. In 1810 he superseded Fouché as minister of police. After the fall of Napoleon he wished to accompany him to St. Helena; but he was confined by the British Government at Malta, making his escape finally to Smyrna. He returned to Paris in 1818. In 1831 he was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the army in Algeria; but ill-health caused him to resign. He wrote his “Memoirs” in 1828. He died in Paris, June 2, 1833.
SAVE (säv), or SAU (sow), a river of Jugoslavia. It rises in the Julian Alps; flows S. E. through Carniola, separates Carniola from Styria, flows through Croatia, and after a course of about 540 miles joins the Danube at Belgrade. It is in great part navigable.
SAVINGS BANKS. Savings banks in the United States are classified as commercial and government or postal. There are two kinds of commercial savings banks, mutual and stock. The former are found chiefly in the eastern part of the country, while the latter are most numerous in the West and South. There were on June 30, 1919, 622 mutual and 1,097 stock savings banks. This does not include the savings departments of national banks and trust companies. The 622 mutual savings banks have total resources amounting to $5,171,551,000. This total includes loans and discounts amounting to $2,335,996,000 and investments in bonds and securities amounting to $2,491,607,000. The surplus funds amount to $333,420,000 and the undivided profits to $65,013,000. The individual deposits amount to $4,751,113,000. The aggregate resources of the 1,097 stock savings banks was $1,281,254,000. The loans and discounts amount to $777,941,000, the capital stock to $62,740,000, the surplus and undivided profits to $47,741,000, and the individual deposits to $1,151,464,000.
School savings banks were established in the United States in 1885.
SAVONAROLA, GIROLAMO, an Italian reformer; born of a noble family in Ferrara, Sept. 21, 1452. He was educated at home, and at a very early age became deeply versed in the philosophy of the schools; but his disposition was from the
