SERVETUS 349 SERVICE MEDALS tufts. Body about 40 inches, tail 16 inches, fur tawny, spotted with black. It is found in the extensive grassy plains, where it preys on antelopes and other small game. SERVETUS, MICHAEL (properly Miguel Servede), a learned Spaniard, memorable as a victim of religious intol- erance; born in Villa Nueva, Arragon, Spain, in 1511 ; was the son of a notary, who sent him to Toulouse to study civil law. Here he began to give his attention to theology, and having formed views of the Trinity antagonistic to the orthodox doctrine he removed to Germany, where -/fK MICHAEL SERVETUS he printed a tract entitled "On the Errors of the Trinity" (1531), followed a year later by his "Dialogues on the Trinity." Finding that his opinions were obnoxious to Germany, he escaped to France under the name of Michael of Villa Nueva. He graduated as a doctor of medicine in Paris and here met Calvin. An arrange- ment was made for a theological discus- sion between them; but Servetus failed to appear. In 1538 he quarrelled with the medical faculty at Paris, and pro- ceeded to Charlieu, near Lyons, where he practiced three years, subsequently moving to Vienne. Here, in 1553, he pub- lished "Restoration of Christianity." He was arrested for heresy and imprisoned, but contrived to escape. He was, how- ever, apprehended at Geneva on a charge of blasphemy and heresy. The divines of all the Protestant Swiss cantons unani- mously declared for his punishment, and v- Calvin was especially urgent and emphatic as to the necessity of putting him to death. As he refused to retract his opin- ions he was burnt at the stake in Geneva, Switzerland, Oct. 27, 1553. Servetus is numbered among the anatomists who made the nearest approach to the doc- trine of the circulation of the blood. SERVICE, ROBERT WILLIAM, a Canadian author, born at Preston, Eng- land, in 1874. He was educated at Hill- head Public School, Glasgow, and served apprenticeship with the Commercial Bank of Scotland, Glasgow. Later he emigrated to Canada and settled on Vancouver Island He engaged in farming and traveled up and down the Pacific coast experiencing many vicissitudes and fol- lowing many occupations. In 1905 he joined the Canadian Bank of Commerce in Victoria, B. C, and then went to Yu- kon Territory and Dawson, traveling in sub-arctic regions. Later he started re- lating his experiences. His works in- clude: "Songs of a Sourdough"; "Ballads of a Cheechako"; "Trail of '98"; "Rhymes of a Rolling Stone"; "The Pretender"; "Rhymes of a Red Cross Man." SERVICE MEDALS and DECORA- TIONS. The most important decora- tions and service medals issued to those who served in the army of the United States, are the following : Civil War Cam- paign Medal, Indian Campaign Medal, Spanish Campaign Medal, Philippines Campaign Medal, China Campaign Medal, Cuban Occupation Medal, Cuban Pacifica- tion Medal, Mexican Service Medal, Phi- lippines Congressional Medal, Spanish War Service Medal. For service in the World War there was designed the Victory Medal, which was issued free to officers, surgeons, field clerks, army nurses, and enlisted men who served on active duty in the army of the United States at any time between April 6, 1917, and November 11, 1918, and whose service was honorable; also to all persons who entered the service subse- quent to Nov. 11, 1918, and served as a member of the American Expeditionary Force in Siberia or European Russia, and whose service was honorable. A Victory Button was also issued to those who served in the World War. This is for wear on civilian clothing only. It is of silver for those who were wounded in action, and of bronze for all others. The Congressional Medal of Honor, the Distinguished Service Cross, and the Dis- tinguished Service Medal are awarded for special service. The Medal of Honor is awarded to those who, while officers or enlisted men of the army, conspicuously distinguished themselves in action involv- ing actual conflict with an enemy, by •Cyc Vol 8
