SHOEMAKER 405 SHORE LABS the upper Nile. It figures in many Arab myths. Called also the boot bill. SHOEMAKER, HENRY WHARTON, an American newspaper publisher, born in New York, in 1882. He was educated at Columbia University, N. Y. In 1903 and 1904 he served as secretary of the American Legation, Lisbon, Portugal, and of the American Embassy, Berlin, Ger- many. From 1905 to 1911 he was a mem- ber of the New York banking house of Shoemaker, Bates & Co., and since then director of numerous business corpora- tions. Beginning with 1905, he was at various times the owner and publisher of several daily newspapers, chiefly in towns of Pennsylvania, acquiring finally the Altoona, Pa., "Tribune" and "Gazette." He was a member of the Associated Press, and a member of many domestic and foreign scientific, benevolent, and patri- otic societies. At various times he held commissions in the New York and Penn- sylvania National Guard. During the World War he served as a captain of the Military Intelligence Division, General Staff, United States Army, and as a mem- ber of the Pennsylvania Commissions for National Defence and of Public Safety. He edited "Philosophy of Jake Haiden" (1911) ; "The Passenger Pigeon in Penn- sylvania" (1919), and was the author of "Immaterial Verses" (1898) ; "Wild Life in Western Pennsylvania" (1903) ; "Penn- sylvania Mountain Verses" (1907) ; "Pennsylvania Mountain Stories" (1907) ; "More Pennsylvania Mountain Stories" (1912) ; "Susquehanna Legends" (1913) ; "Stories of Great Pennsylvania Hunters" (1914) ; "Stories of Pennsylvania Ani- mals" (1914) ; "Pennsylvania's Grandest Cavern" (1914) ; "Captain Logan" (1915) ; "Juniata Memories" (1916) ; "Eldorado Found" (1917) ; "Extinct Pennsylvania Animals" two parts (1917- 1918) ; "North Pennsylvania Minstrelsy" (1919); etc. SHOLAPUR, chief town of Sholapur district, Bombay presidency, India, 150 miles from Poona. Its situation between Poona and Hyderabad has made it, espe- cially since the opening of the railway in 1859, the center for the trade of a large extent of country. Its chief in- dustry is the manufacture of silk and cotton cloth. Sholapur was stormed by General Munro in 1818, when the whole of the Peshawa's territories were incor- porated in the Bombay presidency. Pop. about 61,500. SHONTS, THEODORE PERRY, an American capitalist and railway official, born in Crawford co., Pa., in 1856. While he was still a boy his parents removed to Iowa. He graduated from Monmouth College in 1876. For several years he worked as an accountant. In a short time he secured employment by National banks in Iowa, to standardize and sim- plify their methods of bookkeeping. He studied law and for a short time prac- ticed, but soon became interested in rail- road construction and management, and took part in the building of several im- portant railways in the west. He also became a partial and controlling owner in several important roads. In 1905 he was appointed by President Roosevelt as chairman of the Isthmian Canal Commis- sion. He formulated the plans of that work and continued in this capacity until February, 1907, when he was chosen president of the Interborough-Metropoli- tan Co., of New York, afterward the Interborough Consolidated Corporation. He was also president or an official in many other railroads and financial in- stitutions. He died in 1919. SHOOTER'S ISLAND, an island be- tween Newark Bay and Staten Island; chiefly noted for its large shipbuilding plant. SHOOTING STAR, a small celestial body suddenly becoming luminous and darting across the sky, its course being marked by a streak of silvery radiance, which is an optical illusion caused by the rapidity of its passage. See Meteor. SHORE, JANE, the famous mistress of Edward IV. ; born in London, was well brought up, and married at an early age to William Shore, traditionally a gold- smith. After her intrigue with the king began her husband abandoned her, but she lived till Edward's death in the great- est luxury, enjoying great power through his favor. Her beauty was more that of expression than of features. Her great- est charm was her bright and playful wit. After the king's death, King Rich- ard III., out of a pretended zeal for virtue, plundered her house of more than 2,000 merks, and caused the Bishop of London to make her walk in open penance, taper in hand, dressed only in her kirtle. Jane Shore survived her penance more than 40 years, dying in 1527. SHORE LARK, or SHORE PIPIT, in ornithology, the Otocorys (Alauda) alpes- tris, a native of the N. of Europe and Asia. The adult male is about seven inches long; in summer, lores, cheeks, gorget, and band on top of head, ending in erectile tufts, black; nape, mantle and upper tail coverts pinkish brown, white beneath. They nest in a depression in the ground and lay four or five eggs — French-white mottled with dull olive- green or yellowish-brown.
