TARKINGTON 258 TABQtriNlTJS "Monsieur Beaucaire," published in 1900, which first gained him his wide popu- larity. Among his short stories the "Penrod Stories" have been most popu- lar, on account of their quality of rich humor. Among his many works are: "The Two Vanrevels" (1901) ; "Seven- teen" (1916); "Ramsey Milholland" (1919). Among his plays are: "The Man from Home" (1906) ; "Getting a Polish" (1909) ; "The Country Cousin" (1917); "Up from Nowhere" (1919); and "Clarence" (1919). TARlsr, a river of southern France, which rises on the S. slope of Mount Lozere, near Florae, in the department of Lozere ; flows through the departments of Aveyron, Tarn, Haute-Garonne, and Tarn-et-Garonne ; and finally joins the Garonne. Its whole course is 230 miles, of which about 100 miles beginning at Alby are navigable. TARN, a department of France, in Languedoc, named from the above river; area, 2,231 square miles; pop. about 324,- 000. The surface is intersected by hills, which generally terminate in flat sum- mits, on which, as well as their sides, cereals and vines are cultivated. The minerals include iron and coal, both of which are partially worked. Woolens, linens, hosiery, etc., are manufactured; capital, Alby. TARN-ET-GARONNE, a department of France, named after its two chief riv- ers; area, 1,441 square miles; pop. about 182,500. This department belongs to the basin of the Garonne which traverses it S. to N. W., and receives within it the accumulated waters of the Tarn and Aveyron which are both navigable. The arable land raises heavy crops of wheat, maize, hemp, tobacco, grapes, and fruit of all kinds. The most important manu- factures consist of common woolen cloth and serge, linen goods, silk hosiery, cut- lery, leather, etc.; capital, Montauban. TARNOPOL, a town of Galicia, Poland; on the Sered river; 80 miles S. E. of Lemberg. It has a Roman Catholic and a Greek church, a Jesuit college, upper gymnasium, etc. Before the World War there was considerable trade in corn and other agricultural products. A great horse market with horse races was held annually. Pop. about 35,000. TARNOW, a town of Galicia, Poland, 47% miles E. of Cracow, on the naviga- ble Dunjec river, not far from the mouth of the Vistula. It is the seat of a bishop, and has a town house and cathedral with ■curious statues of the princes of Ostrog and Tarnow. The chief trade before the -World War was in corn, linen, leather, and timber. Pop. about 37,000. See World War. TARO {Colocasia macrorhiza, or Arum esculentum) , a plant of the natural or- der Aracece, of the same genus with the Cocco (q. V.) or Eddoes, and cultivated for its roots, which are a principal arti- cle of food in the South Sea Islands. A pleasant flour is made of taro. The plant has no stalk; broad, heart-shaped leaves spring from the root; and the flower is produced in a spathe. The leaves are used as spinach. TARPEIA (-pe'ya), one of the vestal virgins of Rome, the daughter of Spurius Tarpeius, governor of the citadel on the Capitoline Hill. She agreed to open the gates to the Sabines if they would give her "what they wore on their arms" (meaning their bracelets). The Sabines, "keeping their promise to the ear," crushed her to death with their shields, and she was buried in that part of the hill called the Tarpeian Rock (q. v.). TARPEIAN ROCK, a rock on the Capitoline Hill at Rome, named from the maid Tarpeia. Traitors were cast down this rock and so killed. TARQUINIUS, LUCIUS, surnamed Pniscus (the first or the elder), in Roman tradition the 5th King of Rome. The family of Tarquinius was said to have been of Greek extraction, his father Demai'atus being a Corinthian who set- tled in Tarquinii, one of the chief cities of Etruria. Having removed with a large following to Rome, Tarquinius be- came the favorite and confidant of the Roman king, Ancus Martius, and at his death was unanimously elected his suc- cessor. According to Livy he made war with success on the Latins and Sabines, from whom he took numerous towns. Tarquinius also distinguished his reign by the erection of the Cloaca Maxima, the Forum, the wall round the city, and, as is supposed, he commenced the Capi- toline Temple. After a reign of about 36 years he was killed by assassins em- ployed by the sons of Ancus Martius in 578 B. C. TARQUINIUS, LUCIUS, surnamed SuPERBUS ("the proud"), the last of the legendary kings of Rome, was the son of Lucius Tarquinius Priscus. Tarquin, on reaching man's estate, murdered his father-in-law. King Servius Tullius (the date usually given for this event is 534 B. c), and assumed the regal dignity. He abolished the privileges conferred on the plebeians; banished or put to death the senators whom he suspected, never filled up the vacancies in the senate, and rarely consulted that body. He con-
