VICAB 208 VICE-PRESIDENT a native cf the warmer temperate parts of Europe and Asia, not infrequent in England, and often planted as an orna- mental shrub. It is a large shrub or low tree, with large elliptic serrated leaves, downy star-like hairs on the under side. The young shoots are very downy. The flowers are small and white, in large dense cjones; the berries pur- plish black, mealy and mucilaginous, with a peculiar sweetish taste. They are use- ful in diarrhoea and catarrh, and are used in Switzerland in the manufacture of ink. Bird lime is made from the bark of the roots in the S. of Europe, but is inferior to that made from the bark of the holly. The inner bark is very acrid, and was formerly used as a vesicant. The wood is white and hard, and is prized by turners. Tubes for tobacco pipes are made of the young shoots. Two North American species, V. pauciflorum and V. opulus, nearly allied to the guel- der rose, produce berries of an agree- able acid taste which are used like cran- berries. VICAB, in English canon law, the priest of a parish, the predial tithes of which are impropriated or appropriated, that is, belong to a chapter or religious house, or to a layman who receives them and allows the vicar only the smaller tithes or a salary. VICAR-APOSTOLIC, in the Roman Church, a name formerly given to a bishop or archbishop, generally of some remote see, to whom the Pope delegated a portion of his authority, or to any ecclesiastic invested with power to ex- ercise episcopal jurisdiction in some place where the ordinary was for sonae reason incapable of discharging his duties efficiently. Now vicars-apostolic, who are nearly always titular bishops, are appointed where no episcopate has been established, or where the succession has been interrupted. There are at present a large number of such vica- riates in existence. VICAR-GENERAX, in the Roman Church, a clerk, usually (but not neces- sarily) in holy orders, and having a de- gree in canon law, appointed by a bishop to assist in the discharge of episcopal functions. In matters of jurisdiction the vicar-general is regarded as the or- dinary, and there is no appeal from the former to the latter; but the vicar- general may not do any of those things which belong to the episcopal order. A bishop is not obliged to appoint a vicar- general, but may appoint two or more if necessary. The office corresponds closely to that of an archdeacon in the early and mediaeval Church. In the Anglican Church, an officer employed by the Archbishop of Canterbury and some other bishops to assist in such matters as ecclesiastical causes and visitations. VICE-ADMIRAIi. See ADMIRAL. VICE-CHANCELLOR, an officer next in rank to a chancellor; the deputy of a chancellor. In English law, a judge in the Chan- cery division of the High Court of Jus- tice in England, holding a separate court. The office was abolished by the Judicature Act. The first Vice-Chan- cellor was appointed in 1813; the last holder of the office was Sir John Bacon, who retired Nov. 11, 1886. In Ireland there is a Vice-Chancellor, and the judge of the local Court of Chancery of the Duchy of Lancaster is also styled a Vice-Chancellor. In some of the United States there exists a judicial office anal- ogous to the British institution described above. Where a State has a court of chancery, the highest incumbent is termed chancellor and the next vice- chancellor. VICENZA, a town of north Italy; capital of a province of the same name; 49 miles W. of Venice, on the Bacchi- glione, where joined by the Retrone at the foot of some wooded hills. It is well built, containing handsome streets and several elegant squares. The public buildings are almost all the work of Pal- ladio, who was born here, or of scholars who rather slavishly imitated him. The most remarkable edifices are the Duomo or cathedral; the Palazzo della Ragione (town hall), an ancient Gothic building, with fine connected buildings, by Pal- ladio; the Museum, one of Palladio's finest buildings; the Palazzo-Prefetizzio, and the theater, both by Palladio; the lyceum, churches, and hospitals. The manufactures are silk, woolen, and linen tissues, leather, earthenware, hats, etc. Vicenza (Vicentia) was founded above a century before the Christian era, and became a Roman municipal town. Pop. about 57,016. VICE-PRESIDENT, one who holds office next to a president. The Vice-Pres- ident of the United States is the second executive officer of the government, and is elected at the same time and in the same manner as the President. During the life and active health of the Presi- dent his executive functions are in abeyance, his duties being confined to the presidency of the Senate during the ses- sions of Congress. In the Senate he has no vote, except in case of a tie between the opposing parties on a division of the House. Then, as is usual with parlia- mentary presiding officer, he has the casting vote. In the event of the death
