TBOYES 17 TRUE tically unknown to its inhabitants, who wei'e plainly a settled pastoral and agri- cultural people. The interval that elapsed between the desertion and decay of this first city and the foundation of the next must have been long, for a layer of earth 1 foot 9 inches deep intervenes between the debris of the first and the second or "burnt city." The inhabitants of this city were, however, still in the stone age; but the number of gold and silver relics, and the presence of some copper implements, point to the approach of the bronze age, and seem to indicate a transition from the age of stone to that of metals. The two most important facts in connection with this city are the dis- covery of what Schliemann believed at first to be "Priam's Treasure" and the evidence that the city was destroyed in a conflagration. The treasure consists of big diadems of gold, chains and pend- ants of gold, golden earrings, all packed in a silver jar, bars of silver, 8,700 small gold rings, disks, buttons, and small bars of gold, silver vases, gold cups, electrum cups, silver daggers, etc. The whole of this treasure had been packed together and stowed away probably in a secret chamber constructed in the acropolis wall. Scholars are not agreed as to the accuracy of Schliemann's discoveries. TROYES (trwa), the Augustobona, later Civitas Tricassium of the Romans, a town in f'rance; capital of the depart- ment of Aube; on the Seine, 100 miles E. S. E. of Paris. The principal edifices are the cathedral, a fine Gothic building; the churches of St. Urbain and St. Made- leine; the town house; the prefecture, a public library, museum, etc. Being at the center of an important agricultural region, it has a large transit trade. The manufactures chiefly consist of cottons, woolens, hosiery, soap, artificial flowers, paper, gloves, etc. Pop. about 60,000. TROY "WEIGHT, a system of weights used for gold, silver, platinum, and pre- cious stones. The Troy pound contains 12 ounces, 240 pennyweights, and 5,760 grains, being thus less than the avoirdu- pois pound, which contains 7,000 grains. The old apothecary's weight, which had the same value of pound as the Troy, but subdivided into 12 ounces, 96 drachms, and 288 scruples, was abolished in Great Britain and the new apothecary's weight made the same as the avoirdupois. The name Troy was given to the standard pound in 1495. The origin of the name is doubtful, some deriving it from "Troy Novant," the monkish name of London, others from Troyes in France. TRTTCE, a suspension of arms by agreement of the commanders of oppos- ing armies; a temporary cessation of hos- tilities, either for negotiation or other purpose. The truce of God was a suspen- sion of arms which occasionally took place in the Middle Ages, and was in- troduced by the Church in order to miti- gate the evils of private war. This truce provided that private feuds should cease at least on the holidays from Thursday evening to Sunday evening each week, during the season of Advent and Lentj and on the octaves of the great festivals. TRTJCKEE RIVER, a river in Cali- fornia, forming the outlet of Lake Ta- hoe. It runs nearly N. and enters the State of Nevada, intersecting Washoe county and empt3dng into Pyramid Lake. It is nearly 125 miles long and abounds in trout. TRUDEAU, EDWARD LIVINGSTON, an American physician, born in New York City, in 1848. He graduated from the College of Physicians and Surgeons, in 1871. For a short time he practiced in New York, and then, having con- tracted tuberculosis, he went to Saranac Lake. He received such benefit from the air and climate that he resolved that others should benefit, and, with the aid of others, opened the first American in- stitution to attempt the open-air method of treatment for the disease. In 1894 he founded the Saranac Laboratory for the Study of Tuberculosis. His treatment was remarkably effective and won world- wide recognition. He developed it on a large scale and it continued to grow after his death. He wrote much on the subject of tuberculosis and, in 1916, the year following his death, his autobiog- raphy was published. TRUE, ALFRED CHARLES, an American agricultural expert, born in Middletown, Conn., in 1853. He grad- uated from Wesleyan University in 1873, and took post-graduate studies at Harvard and elsewhere. He taught until 1888 in schools and colleges, becoming in the following year editor for the Statistical Department of Agri- culture. From 1893 to 1915 he was the director of the Office of Experimental Statistics in the Department of Agricul- ture, and edited various publications. He had general supervision of experimental stations in States and Territories, and carried en investigations on agricultural education and other related subjects in Alaska, Porto Rico, Hawaii, and Guam. From 1915 he was director of the States Relations Service of the Department of Agriculture and had general supervision of the co-operative extension work in agri- culture and home economics conducted by the Department of Agriculture and th^
