WELL AND CANAL 335 WELLINGTON WELLAND CANAL, a ship canal in Ontario, Canada, extending from Port Colborne, on Lake Erie, to Poi't Dahousie on Lake Ontario, a distance of 27 miles, It was opened to travel in 1833. In 1913 the construction of a new canal was be- gun, with a width of 200 feet and a depth of 25. The estimated cost was over $30,000,000. WELLES. GIDEON, an American statesman; born in Glastonbury, Conn., July 1, 1802; studied law; and in 1826 became proprietor of the Hartford "Times." In 1861 he was appointed by President Lincoln Secretary of the Navy, and filled that office with marked success and credit during the whole of the Civil War. After his retirement he published his "Memoirs of the War," He died in Hartford, Conn., Feb. 11, 1878. WELLESLEY (welz'li), RICHARD COLLEY. VISCOUNT AND MARQUIS, and Earl of Mornington, eldest son of Garrett, 1st Earl of Mornington, and eldest brother of the Duke of Welling- ton; a British statesman; born in Dub- lin, Ireland, June 20, 1760. He was educated at Eton and Oxford. On his majority he took his seat as Earl of Mornington in the Irish House of Peers, and three years after was returned to the British House of Commons as member for Beeralston. Thus, by a curious an- omaly, he was at once a peer and a commoner. He distinguished himself in 1789 in the debates on the regency ques- tion. In this discussion, his defense of the royal prerogative, made known to George III. after his recovery, pleased him so much that the earl at the next general election was returned for Wind- sor, and made a member both of the Irish and the English privy-council. These were only preliminaries to the higher appointment of Governor-General of India, which was conferred on him in 1797, along with a British peerage under the title of Baron Wellesley. His administration forms an era in the his- tory of the British Indian empire. He returned to England in 1805, and in 1809 became foreign secretary under Mr. Per- ceval. In 1812 he resigned his place, chiefly because he was in favor of Catho- lic emancipation. He did not return to office till 1821, when he became Lord- Lieutenant of Ireland. This post he re- tained till 1827. In the Grey ministry he again (1833) became Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, but finally retired from public life in 1835. He died in London, Sept. 26, 1842. WELLESLEY COLLEGE, an Ameri- can educational institution established in 1875 in the village of Wellesley, Mass., 15 miles S. W. of Boston. The institu- tion is devoted entirely to the higher education of women. The institution is non-sectarian, and was founded by Henry F. Durant, of Boston. The re- ports for 1919 show: Professors and in- structors, 192; students, 1,592; president Ellen F. Pendleton, LL. D. WELLESLEY ISLANDS, a group in ' the Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia, be- longing to Queensland. Mornington Isl- and, the most N. and largest, is 40 miles in length by 15 in breadth. WELLINGBOROUGH, a market-town of Northamptonshire, England, on a de- clivity near the confluence of the Ise with the Nen, IOVb miles E. N. E. ot Northampton. Almost destroyed by fire in 1738, it has a chalybeate spring (the "Red Well"), said to have been resorted to by Charles I. and Henrietta Maria; a large and imposing parish church (re- stored 1861-1874), mainly Decorated and Perpendicular in style; a corn exchange (1861); a grammar school (1595), transferred to new buildings in 1880. It has important industries of boot making, iron smelting, etc. Pop. about 20,000. WELLINGTON, a city and capital of New Zealand, on Port Nicholson, an islet of Cook's Strait; on the S. W. extremity of the proincial district of Welling- ton, North Island. Its harbor is 6 miles long and 5 wide. It has an ex- cellent system of docks. The principal buildings are the Government House, the Houses of Legislature, the Government Buildings, the Supreme Court, the post and telegraph offices, the Colonial Mu- seum, theaters, Wellington College, two cathedrals, Victoria College, etc. It has several daily and weekly newspapers, botanic gardens, tramways, etc., and is lighted by electricity. Pop. about 100,000. WELLINGTON, a city of Kansas, the county-seat of Sumner co. It is on the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific, and the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe rail- roads, and is the center of an important agricultural community with a large trade in grrain, live stock, and farm products. Its industries include flour mills, grain elevators, a broom factory, an ice plant, and railroad shops. It has a public library, city hall, court house, and other public buildings. Pop. (1910) 7,034; (1920) 7,048, WELLINGTON, ARTHUR WELLES- LEY, DUKE OF, a British general and statesman; born in Dublin, Ireland, April 30, 1769; the third son of the 1st Earl of Mornington; was educated at
