WHALEBONE 347 WHATELT period, but it is by no means certain that they should be included within the order Cetacea. WHALEBONE, a horny substance, oc- curring in long, thin plates, fringed at the edges, and acting as a strainer to detain the whale's food when the animal ejects the water which it has swallowed with the medusae and small fry which constitute its food. The principal source of whalebone is the "right whale," so called, the Balsena mysticetus or aus- tralis. Some 300 of the plates are found in the mouth of an adult whale, and vary from 10 to 15 feet in length. Being very flexible, strong, elastic, and light, whale- bone is employed for many purposes, as for ribs to umbrellas and parasols, for stiffening ladies' corsets, etc. Also, and more properly, called baleen. War and wrote "Fighting France** (1915); and "Summer" (1917). Mrs. Wharton was recognized as one of the most talented American writers of modern fiction. She was made a Cheva- lier of the Legion of Honor of France for her services during the war. WHARTON, FRANCIS, an American jurist; bom in Philadelphia, Pa., March 7, 1820; was graduated at Yale College in 1839, and admitted to the bar in 1843. From 1856 to 1863 he was Professor of Logic and Rhetoric in Kenyon College, 0.; in 1863 was ordained in the Prot- estant Episcopal Church and became rector of St. Paul's in Brookline, Mass., and in 1866 became a professor in the Episcopal Divinity School at Cambridge, Mass. He also held the chair of interna- tional law in the Boston Law School. In BOW-HEAD WHALE WHALLEY, EDWARD, an English regicide; born in England presumably about 1620. During the Revolution of 1642 he was a member of the Parlia- mentarian party, and commanded the force that defeated the cavalry of Sir Marmaduke Langdale at Naseby in 1645. Subsequently he was made custodian of King Charles at Hampton Court. He was a member of the court which con- demned that monarch to death, and he also signed his death warrant. After the restoration of the Stuarts Whalley fied to America with his son-in-law, William Goffe. He died in Hadley, Mass., about 1678. WHARTON, EDITH (NEWBOLD JONES), an American novelist, born in New York City in 1862. In 1885 she married Edward Wharton of Boston. She achieved great success by her first novel "The Greater Inclination" (1899). This was followed by "Crucial Instances" (1901); "The Valley of Decision" (1902) ; "The House of Mirth" (1906) ; "The Fruit of the Tree" (1!)07) ; "The Custom of the Country" (1913) ; "Xingu" (1916); "The Age of In- nocence". She took an active part in re- lief work in France during the World 1885 he was appointed solicitor for the State Department. Under a resolution of Congress (1888) he was made editor of the Revolutionary diplomatic cor- respondence of the United States. He wrote extensively on legal and theological subjects. His best known work is a "Treatise on the Criminal Law of the United States" (1846), which is accepted as a standard. He wrote also: "Pre- cedents of Indictments and Pleas"; a "Treatise on Medical Jurisprudence," "The Conflict of Laws" (1872); "The Law of Agency and Agents" (1876) ; "Commentary on the Law of Contracts" (1882) ; "Treatise on the Law of Evi- dence and Criminal Issues." He died in Washington, D. C, Feb. 21, 1889. WHATELY, RICHARD, an English clergyman; born in London, England, Feb. 1, 1787, son of the Rev. Joseph Whately. He received his education at a private school at Bristol, and at Oriel College, Oxford. He graduated B. A. in 1808, and in 1810 won the English essay prize. In 1819 he made his first appear- ance as an author by publishing his famous "Historic Doubts relative, to Napoleon Bonaparte." In 1822 Whately was appointed Bampton lecturer at Ox-
