UNIFORMITY, ACT OF 76 XTNIFORMITY, ACT OF, in English Church history, the Act 13 & 14 Car. II., c. 4, designed to regulate the terms of membership in the Church of England and in the colleges of Oxford and Cam- bridge. Both the Anglican and the Puri- tan parties had desired their faith to be that of the Church of England, and Charles II., who, as a step to obtaining his father's throne, wished to stand well with both parties, promised at Breda to use his influence to bring about a cer- tain measure of comprehension. But the Parliament was in no mood to vote for such a scheme, and the Act of Uniform- ity required the clergy to sign the Thirty-nine Articles and to use the Book of Common Prayer. The enforcement of these regulations led to the secession from the Church of England of upward of 2,000 clergymen, and laid the foun- dation of modern dissent. The Act of Uniformity Amendment Act, passed July 18, 1872, somewhat modified that of Charles, as the University Test Act, passed June, 1871, had done the year be- fore. UNION, a town of New Jersey, in Hudson CO., adjacent to Weehawken and West Hoboken. There are important es- tablishments for the manufacture of silk and embroidered goods, besides other industrial establishments. Pop. (1910) 21,023; (1920) 20,651. UNION, a city of South Carolina, and the county-seat of Union co., on the Southern and the Union and Glenn Springs railroads. There are several large cotton, knitting and oil mills. The city is a commercial center of a pros- perous agricultural region, cotton, fruit and other farm products being raised. There is a Carnegie library, high school, Federal building and county court house. Pop. (1910) 5,623; (1920) 6,141. UNION COLLEGE, a coeducational non-sectarian institution in College View, Neb.; founded in 1891; reported at the close of 1919: Professors and instruc- tors, 27; students, 473; president, H. A. Morrison, A. M. UNION COLLEGE, an American in- stitution of learning established in Schenectady, N. Y., in 1795 by several religious denominations, from which fact it derives its name. It was the first non- sectarian college incorporated in the United States. The movement for the founding of such an institution was in- augurated in 1779, when 500 citizens of eastern and northern New York peti- tioned the Legislature in its behalf. This request was refused, but an academy was started in Schenectady in 1785, which on Feb. 25, 1795, became Union College. UNIONTOWN The first president was the Rev. John Blair Smith. In 1804 the Rev. Elipha- let Nott was elected president and held the office till 1866, the longest term of service of any college president in the history of the United States. During his incumbency Union College became one of the best known educational institutions in the country. The Dudley Observa- tory, the Albany Law School and the Al- bany Medical College became parts of it in 1873. There are also separate de- partments in civil engineering and phar- macy. The reports for 1919 showed: Pi'ofessors and instructors, 42; students, 466 ; president, C. A. Richmond, LL. D. UNION LEAGUE CLUB, a club or- ganized in 1863 by members of the Re- publican party in New York, for social and political purposes. Its object, origi- nally, was "to promote, encourage and sustain by all proper means, absolute and unqualified loyalty to the government of the United States." To-day it is the stronghold of Republicanism, exerting its influence wholly along party lines. The New York Club house is situated at Fifth Avenue and Thirty-ninth Street. The building was designed by Peabody and Stearns, of Boston, and built in 1881. It contains a fine collection of paintings and a library of about 13,000 volumes. Its membership, on Oct. 1, 1918, was 1,800. In Philadelphia, Chicago and other cities there are institutions of the same name which are similarly units in the Republican party machine. UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA. See South Africa, Union of. UNION THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY, of New York City, was founded in 1836. It was of Presbyterian origin, but is now independent of ecclesiastical control. In 1919 there were 275 students and 33 pro- fessors. The Seminary is organically connected with Columbia University, its students being permitted to take courses in the University, and the University students being admitted to certain courses in the Seminary. In 1910 the Seminary moved into new, extensive and attractive buildings at Broadway and 120th Street. UNIONTOWN, a borough in Pennsyl- vania and county-seat of Fayette co., on the Baltimore and Ohio and Pennsyl- vania railroads, 40 miles S. E. of Pitts- burgh. It lies in the agricultural and iron-mining region, and has natural gas, electric lights and railway, waterworks, National and State banks, daily and weekly newspapers, public schools, churches and numerous steel and struc- tural iron works. Pop. (1910) 13,344; (1920) 15,692.
