and died a captive, at Valence in France, so now He did not abandon her to her enemies. Napoleon was vanquished by the Confederate Powers of Europe, and dispossessed of his crown, and the Pope reentered triumphant into Rome (a.d. 1814).
48. [1]With the establishment of peace, after the Napoleonic wars, in 1815, a more favorable era opened for the Church. In France she recovered some of her old prosperity. What has been called the Catholic Revival, began, first in Germany, to the great progress of religion, and afterwards in England. In 1829 the disabilities under which Irish and British Catholics had so long labored were removed. A few years after, in England, the hierarchy, which had been suppressed at the time of the Reformation, was restored; numerous and notable conversions from Protestantism took place; and the number of Catholics and Catholic institutions has since grown very rapidly. The infidel doctrines, however, of the French philosophers and subsequent free-thinkers have continued to spread unbelief, so that the Church has to contend everywhere with a spirit of irreligion.
In 1848 Pius IX. was obliged to quit Rome through the machinations of Italian revolutionists. During his short exile he received the respectful sympathy of the Catholic world; and, in 1850, amid the rejoicings of the Eternal City, he returned to his See.
In 1869 Pope Pius IX. convoked the General Council of the Vatican, which defined the dogma of the Pope's
- ↑ When did a more favorable era open for the Church! When did the Catholic Revival occur? What changes took place in Ireland and England? Relate the flight of Pius IX. from Rome, and his return. Give an account of the Council of the Vatican. When and by whom "was the Pope unjustly despoiled of his temporal power? Did this change ruin the Church? What happened during the reign of Leo XIII.? When did he die and by whom was he succeeded? What has happened DD France since the opening of the reign of Pius X.?
