tured plain and sawed lumber. In the iron industry, her gain was greater than in the whole country. In steam engines and machinery, she made a gain of over 200 per cent. The rest of the country made a gain of only 40 per cent. In cotton manufacturing in 1860, she had gained $1,000,000 over 1850. She was just then realizing what a mine of wealth she had in her great product.
In banking capital, the South had 30 per cent of the total amount in the country. In 1860, of the total assessed property in the whole country, she had nearly one-half, or 44 per cent. In 1850 the South had 48 per cent of all the live stock (about one-half) . She grew over one-half of all the corn raised, and, singular as it may seem now, she had over 56 per cent of all the hogs in the country, and 25 per cent of all the sheep. In that decade the South raised more than one-half of all the agricultural products, besides producing all the cotton, sugar, rice and molasses. She also produced 44 per cent of all the corn raised, and nearly the entire crop of tobacco and sweet potatoes. She had 48 per cent of all the live stock of the country, one-half of the beeswax and honey. She slaughtered 33 per cent of all animals killed. In home manufacturing she made over 67 per cent of that of the whole country. She owned one-third of the total value of farms, and in the decade she in- creased their value $1,300,000 over what it was in 1850. She had over 38 per cent of the total investment in agricultural implements in the whole country. The per capita valuation of property in the South, including slaves who owned no property, was $568, while in New England and the Middle States (the richest) it was only $528.
In educational income of all institutions, the South had about one-third of the amount for the one-fourth of the white population, as no education was provided for the negroes. In religious matters she had about as many churches in proportion to population as had the North
