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bah in any fuch Senfe, but ever with the utmoft Refpea and Veneration. 'Tis not, however, the Magic of the Jews alone which we call Cabbala, but the Word is alio us'd for any kind of Magic : in which Senfe it is, that the Abbe de Pillars takes it, in his Comte de Gabchs ; where he expofes the ridiculous Secrets of the Sacred Cabbala, as the Cabalifts call it. Thefe fuppofe there are elementary People, under the Names of Sylphs, Gnomes, Salaman- ders, &c. and hold, that this Science introduces People in- to the SanBuary of Nature. They pretend, the Hebrews knew thefe aerial Subftances ; that they borrow'd their Cabaliftic Knowledge from the Egyptians ; and have not yet forgot the Art of converging with the Inhabitants of the Air. See Symbol.
Cabballa, or Cabbai.lists, is alfo us'd to exprefs that Sect among the Jews, which follows and pracf ifes the Cab- Valla ■ or interpret Scripture according to the Art of Cab- lallal taken in the fecond Senfe above laid down. The Jew's arc divided into two general Setts ; the Karaites, who refuie to receive either Tradition, or the Thalmud, or any thing but the pure Text of Scripture. See Caraites. And the Rabbinijts or Thalmudifls ; who, befide this, re- ceive the Traditions, and follow the Thalrnud 5 fee Thal- mud. And thefe latter are again divided into two other Softs ; pure Rabbinifts, who explain the Scripture in its natural Senfe, by Grammar, Hiftory, and Tradition ; and Cabbalifts, who to difcover hidden myflical Senfes, which they fuppofe God to have couch 'd therein, make ufe of the Cabbala, and the myflical Rules and Methods abovemen- tion'd. There ate Vilionaries among the Jews, who be- lieve that Jefus Chrift wrought his Miracles by virtue of the Myfteries of the Cabbala. Some learned Men are of Opinion, that 'Pythagoras and Plato learn'd the Cabbaliftic Art of the Jews in Egypt ; and fancy they fee evident Footfteps thereof in their Philofophy : Others, on the contrary, fay, it was the Philofophy of Pythagoras and Plato, that firft furnifh'd the Jews with the Cabbala. Be this as it will, 'tis certain that in the firft Ages of the Church, moft of the Hereticks gave into the vain Notions of the Cabbala : Particularly the Gnoftics, Valentinians, and Safilidians. Hence arofe the ABP^HAs, and the mul- titude of Talifmans, wherewith the-Cabinets of the Vir- tuofi are fiock'd. Sec Talisman, &c.
The Word Cabballa is not only apply'd to the whole Art ; but alfo to each Operation perform'd according to the Rules of that Art. R. Jac. ben Ajcher, firnam'd Saal Hatturim, has compil'd moft of the Cabbala's invented on the Books of Mofcs before his Time.
CABINET, the moft retir'd Place in the fineft Apart- ment of a Building ; fet apart for Writing, Studying, or preferving any thing very precious. A complcat Apartment coniifts of an Hall, Antichamber, Chamber, and Cabinet ; with a Gallery on one fide. See Apartment. Hence a Cabinet of Paintings, of Curiofitics, Mofaic Cabinet, Cabi- net of a G arden, &c.
CABINS, or CABANES, in a Ship, are little Lodges and Apartments for the Pilots and other Officers of the Ship to lie in 5 very narrow, and in form of Armories or Preifes ; us'd in feveral Parts of the Ship, particularly the Poop and the Sides. The Word comes from the Italian Capanna, a little Straw Hut ; and that from the Greek tutm'm, a Stall or Manger.
CABIRIA, orCABBIRES, were Feafts held by the an- tient Greeks of Lemnos and Thebes, in honour of fome Sa- mothracia/i Deities, call'd Cabircs. Thefe Gods, accor- ding to the Scholiaft of Apollonius, were four 5 Axiems, who was Ceres ; Axiocerfa, Profcrpine - 7 Axiocerfus, Plu- to ; and Cafinilus, Mercury : The Feaft was vety antient, and prior even to the Time of Jupiter 5 who is faid to have reftor'd it : It was held by Night. Children above a certain Age were here confecrated 5 which Confecration was fuppos'd to be a Prefervative againft all Dangers of the Sea, cifc. The Ceremony of Confecration, confifted in placing the initiated Youth on a Throne, the Priefts dan- cing round him : The Badge of the Initiated was a Gir- dle or Scarf. When a Perfon had committed any Murder, the Cabiria gave him an Afylum. Meurjius is very parti- cular in the Proof of each of thefe Points.
CABLE, a thick long Rope , ordinarily of Hemp, ferving to hold Ships firm at Anchor, to tow Veffels in large Rivers, i£c. The Term is fometimes alfo apply'd to the Cofdage us'd to raife mafly Loads, by means of Cranes, Wheels, and other like Engines : Tho, in'ftrici- nefs, Cable is not apply'd to Ropes of lefs than three Inches Circumference. See Cordage, Rope, $$c.
Every Cable, of whatever Thicknefs it be, is compos'd of three Hawfers ; each Hawfer of three Strands ; each Strand of three Twifts ; each Twill of a certain Number of Caburns, or Threads of Rope-Yarn, more or lefs, as the Cable is to be thicker or fmaller.
To make a Cable : after forming the Strands, as in the Article of Ropemaking, they ufe Staves ; which they firft pafs between the Strands whereof the Hawfers are com-
pos'd ; and afterwards between the Hawfers whereof the Cable is compos'd : that the one and the other may turn the better, and be intertwifted the more regularly together And to prevent any entangling, a Weight is hung at the' End of each Hawfer and Strand. The Cable beina twifted as much as needs, is untwifted again three or four Turns that the reft may the better retain its State.
The number of Threads each kind of Cable is to be com- pos'd of, is ever proportion'd to its Length and Thicknefs ■ and 'tis by this Number of Threads, that its Weight and Value are afcertain'd. A Cable of 3 Inches Circumference or 1 Inch Diameter, confilfs of 48 ordinary Threads, and weighs 192 Pounds; one of 10 Inches Circumference, of 48 5 Threads, and weighs 1 940 Pounds ; a Cable of 20 Inches, of 1943 Threads, and weighs 7772 Pounds.
The Seamen fay, The Cable is well laid, when it is well wrought, or made. Serve the Cable, or plat the Cable, i. e. bind it about with Ropes, Clouts, &c. to keep it from galling in the Hawfe. Tofplice a Cable, is to make two Pieces faft together, by working the feveral Strands of the Rope one into another. 'To coil the Cable, is to roll it up round in a Ring ; of which, the feveral Rolls one upon another are call'd Cable Tire. They fay, Pay more Cable, that is, let it more out from the Ship ; that the Boat which carries the Anchor may the more eafily drop it into rhe Sea : And fometimes they fay, 'Pay cheap the Cable, that is, put or hand it out apace. In the fame Senfe they fay alfo, Veer more Cable ; that is, let more out. When two Cables are fplic'd together, it is call'd a Shott of a Cable.
Every Merchant Veflel, how fmall foever, has three Ca- bles, viz. the Main or Majier Cable, which is that of the chief Anchor ; the Common Cable, and the fmall one. The ordinary Length of thefe Cables, is no or 120 Fathoms, or Braces. Hence, at Sea,
Cable, or Cable's-Length, is alfo us'd for a Meafure of 120 Fathom. See Fathom.
The Word Cable, comes from the Hebrew Chebel, Cord. Z)« Cange derives it from the Arabic, Habl, Cord, or ha- bala, vincire. Menage, from Capidtim, or Cabulum ; and that from the Greek *«(«*©-, or the Latin, Camellus.
CABLED-FLUTES, in Architefture, fuch Flutes as are fill'd up with Pieces in form of Cables. See Fluting.
Cabled, in Heraldry, is when a Crofs is form'd or co- ver'd with Ropes, or twifted Cables. See Cross.
CABOSSED, or CABOCHED, in Heraldry, a term originally Spanijh ; us'd where rhe Head of a Beaft is cut off behind the Ears, by a Section parallel to the Face ; or by a perpendicular Section : in contra-diftinclion to Coup- ivg ; which is done by a horizontal Line ; befides that, 'tis farther from the Ears than Cabofing. See Couping.
CACAO, or COCOA, in Natural Hiliory and Commerce a kind of Nut, about the Size of amoderate Almond ; the Seed or Fruit of a Tree of the fame Name, growing in lcveral Parts of the Weft-Indies ; chiefly in the Provinces of Gua- timala and Nicaragua, and the Antilles Iflands. The na- tive Mexicans call the Cacao Tree, Cucuhua guahuul ; and the Spaniards, Cacaotal. It refembles our Cherry-Tree - but is fo very delicate, and the Soil it grows in fo hot, that to guard it from the Sun, they always plant it in the Shade of another Tree, call'd Mother of Cocoa. The Fruit is enclos'd in a kind of Pod, of the Size and Figure of a Cu- cumber ; except that it begins and ends in a Point. With- in the Pod, which is half a Finger thick, is form'd a Tif- fue of white Fibres, very fucculent, a little acid, and pro- per to appeafe Thirft. In the middle of thefe Fibres are contain'd 10, fometimes 12, and fometimes more as far as forty, Grains or Seeds, of a Violet Colour, and 'dry as Acorns. Each Grain, which is cover'd with a little Bark or Rind, when flripp'd thereof, feparates into five or fix un- equal Pieces, in the middle whereof is a Kernel or Pippin having a tender Bud, very difficult to preferve. Of this Seed, with the Addition of Vanille, and fome other Ingre- dients, the Spaniards, and, after their Example, the reft of Europe, prepare a Kind of Conferve, or Cake ; which, diluted in hot Water, makes that delicious, wholefom Drmk, call'd Chocolate : For the Preparation, &c. where- of, fee Chocolate.
This precious Almond, the Spaniards make fo considera- ble a Trade of, that there are fome make 5000 I. Sterling, per Annum, from a fingle Garden of Caeca's. There are two Kinds of Caeca's ; the moft common, which is like- wife the beft, is of a dark Colour, bordering on red, and round : The other, call'd Patlaxe, is white, larger, thick- er, and flatter ; its Quality is Deliccative. Some Druo- gifts, however, fell four Kinds ; viz. the great and little Carague, and the great and little Cacoa of the I/lands : which, however, may be probably redue'd to the two Kinds above mention'd : It being only the Greatnefs and Small- nefs that multiplies the Names and Kinds.
The Cacao Nuts, are efteem'd by the Mexicans as Ano- dine ; and us'd, eaten raw, to afluage Pains of the Bowels. They alfo procure a kind of Butter or Oil from. 'em, as
fweer
