QUA
Upon unlucky Accidents, and other dangerous Affairs, it was ufual to create Quataor-virs with Commiffion to take Care ne quid detrimenti Refpiblica caferet, that the Re- public were not prejudiced.
There were alfo Quatuor-viri appointed to infpeci and take Care of Repairs, Be.
QUAVER, in Mufic, a Meafure of Time, equal to one half of the Crochet, or one eighth of the Semibreve. See Time.
The Quaver is mark'd by the Character ,f . See Cha- racter.
The Englifi Quaver makes what the French call their Crocbue, Crochet ; becaufe of the Hook at bottom. See Crotchet.
The Quaver is divided into two Semiquavers noted ej*, and four Demifemiquavers mark'd <^-
QUAVERING, in Mufic, the A3 of trilling, or lea- king i or the running of a Divifion with the Voice. See Division.
QUAY, Kay, a fpace of Ground paved on the Shore of a River, or Fort ; defined for the loading and unloading of Merchandize. See Wharf.
QUEEN, Regina, a Woman who holds the Crown of a Realm, fingly, and by Right of Blood. See Crown.
The Name is alfo given by way of Courtefy to her that is married to the King'; call'd, by way of dillinaion, Queen Coafirt.
The Widow of a King is call'd Queen "Dowager. See Dowager.
Thefirlt is in all Con(tru£lion the fame with a King, and has the fame Power and Prerogative in all refpefts that the King has. See King.
The Queen Ctmfirt is inferior, andaPerfon diftinft from
the King Too' file be a Feme covert, yet may Ihe
fue, and be fued in her own Name, may make Leafes, and Grants, Be. as a Feme file. See Wife and Feme.
She has feveral other Prerogatives Tho' an Alien, lhe
may purchafe Lands in Fee-fimple, without either Natura- lization, or Denization ; fhe may prefent to a Benefice ; nor is Plenarty a Bar again!! her more than againft the
King She mall not be amerced if lhe be non-fuited in
any Action ; may not be impleaded till firft petitioned.
To confjjire her Death, or violate her Chaflity, is High- Trcafon. She had antiently a Revenue of Queen gold; which fee.
At prefent fhe hath a very large Dower, wiih, a Royal Court and Officers apart.
The Queen Dowager has this particular, that me lofes not her Dignity tho' fhe marries a private Gentleman Thus, Queen Katberine, Widow of Henry V. Vxing married to Owen af -fheodore Eiq; maintained her Aflion as Queen
of England Much lels does the Queen by Inheritance,
folio* her Husband's Condition, or is fubjeft as other Queens, but is Sovereign to her own Husband, as Queen Mary was to King 'Phidf i unlefs it be otherwife appointed by Parliament.
The Word Queen is deriv'd from the Saxon Cpen, Cwen, Uxor, the Wife of any one, but apply'd by way of Excel- lency to the Wife of the King only; whence fire was an- tiently call'd the King's Queen; the Weft-Saxons having no other Name for a Queen, but the King's Wife, jiffer. is JElfred. Rebus, Be.
She was alfo call'd Lady, in Saxon, Hlaitdia ; juft as Madame, or Madamoifille, are ftill ufed for the Wife, and Dauahter of the Duke of Orleans
Queen Gold, Aurum Regin<s ; a Royal Revenue, be- longing to the Queen of England, during her Marriage to the King, both by Law, Cuftom, and Prefcription ; and payable°by divers Perfons (upon feveral Grants of the King) by way of Oblation out of Fines ; amounting to Ten Marks or upwards, viz. one full tenth part above the en- tire Fine ; e.gr. ten Pounds on every hundred Pounds Fine, Me. See Fine.
This becomes a real Debt to the Queen, by the Name tXAurum Regin<e, upon the Party's bare Agreement with the King for a F'ine, and recording it; without any further Promife or Contrail for this tenth part extraordinary.
Queen's Sencb. See King's "Bench, Be.
QUE Eflate, in Law, a Plea whereby a Man entituling another to Land, fie. faith, that the fame Eflate which himfelf had, he now has from him.
Thus, e.gr. the Plaintiff alledges, that fuch four Per- fons we're feiz'd of Lands, whereunto the Advowfon in queftion belong'd in Fee ; and who did prefent to it, and
that afterwards the Church was vacant, que Eflate i.e.
which Eftatehe now has, and by virtue thereof prtfenrs, £?c.
Que eft meme, in Law, a Term ufed in ASions of Tref- pafs, Be for a direcF Juftification of the very Aft com- plain'd of by the Plaintiff as a Wrong. See Tresp ass.
Thus in an Aflion upon the Cafe, the Plaintiff faying
( 939 )
the Lord threaten'd 'his Tei
QUA
at WilT in fiich fort, as he
forced them to give up their Lands ; the Lord in his De- fence pleads, that he faid to them, if they would not de- part, he would fue them at Law — gtye eft meme, i.e. this being the fame Threatning that he ufed, the Delence is good.
QUERELA, ghiarel, in Law— In an Adion where the Plaintiff is Querent, i.e. Complainant, h*s Brie, Com- plaint, or Declaration, was call'd Querela. See QUAR- REL.
Querela coram Regc & Concilio, a Writ whereby one is call'd to juftify a Complaint of a Trefpafs againft the King himfelf ; before the King and his Council,
of the
g himlelt ; before the King and his Counci
QJJERI'O. See Cuerpo.
QUERR1ES, or Equerries, the Grooms King's Stables. See Equerry.
Gentleman of the gtterry, is an Officer appointed to hold the King's Stirrup ufien he mounts on horfeback. See Gentleman.
QUEST, or Inquest, an Inquifition ; or Inquiry made upon Oath of an Impannel'd Jury. See Inquest.
Quest-^, Perfons chofe yearly in each Ward, to en- quire into Abufes, and Mifdemeanors, efpecially fuch as relate to Weights and Meafures.
Quest, in Hunting, the Peeking out of Hounds 5 or the venting and winding of Spaniels. See Scent, Hound, Hunting, &c.
The Word is form'd of the French quere, Search, of the Latin qitrffitum^ a thing fought.
QUESTION, Qujestio 1 , in Logic, &c. a Proportion, w ho fe Truth a Perfon being inquifirive about, propofes it, by way of Interrogation, to another. See Interroga- tion.
Logical J^uefiions are variously dift;ibuted ; the ordinary Divifion is into firft or primary £>v eft ions ; as, §>uid eft t
What is fuch a Thing? And.fecondary, which arde out
of ;he former ; as, How is t?
Question, in Law fhe ^iieftion de Jure muft al- ways be diftinguifh'd from the $ueftion ds Fatlo. See Facto and Jure.
The firft is decided by the Law, as explained and de- clared by the Judge; the f< coid is decided by the Proof of a Truth in difptfte. See Trial, Jury, &c.
QUESTOR, Qujestor, an Officer in antient Rome, who had the Care ot the publick Treafure. See Trea- sure.
The ^uejior-pip is very antient, as having been efta-
bliftYd under tncKing.s In the Time of the Republick,
the S-nate appointed §>ueftors in each Province, to aflift the Proconfuls, as Lieutcnams, or Treafurers, in the Admini- ftration of the Revenues : But under the Emperors, there was but one Queftor, or Treafutvr General of the Empire.
Thofe interior, or fubordinate Queftors were call'd
Commiffioners of the Queftor, Adjutgres Qu<efloris.
The Queftors Office was originally confined to the Army.
They paid the Soldiery, took charge of Moneys coming
by Spoil and Plunder, £5?c.
At length there were new ones erected to refide in the City, and to receive the public Money, Taxes, Tribute, $£c. — Their Number was increased, as the Empire increafed ; Sylla augmented it to twenty.
There was alfo another kind of Queftors- whofe Office was to enquire into, and take Cognizance of Capital Crimes.
The Word isform'd a qu#rendo, feeking, feurching.
Questor SacriPalatii, or of the Sacred 'Palace, was one of the firft Dignities under the Emperors of Conftanti-
nople 'Twas the Queftor that fubferibed the Relcripts
of the Emperor, and the Anfwers to the Requehs and Sup- plications prefented him He drew up and fign'd the
Laws and Conftitutions which the Emperor thought fit to publiffi ; and took care of the Adminiftration of Juftice.
Some compare his Function to that of our Lord High
Chancellor 'Twas ufually one of the Juris Confulti
that was charged with this Office; it being required that be fhould know the Laws of the Empire, be able to dictate them, fee them executed, and judge of Caufes brought by way of Appeal before the Emperor.
Confiantine was the firft who erected Queftors of the Sa- cred Palace, See Palace. *
QUESTUS eft nobis, a Writ of Nufance, which by Stat. 15 £4w. 1. lies againft him to whom the Houfe, or other thing that breeds the Nufance is defcended, or alienated ; whereas before that Statute, the Action lay only againft him who firft levied, or caufed the Nufance to the Damage of his Neighbour. SeeNusANCE.
QUESTUS, orQu^sTus ; feeQu^sTur
QUEUE deAronde, q. d. S-mlh-iv's Tail tion, a Term apply'd to Horn Works., the Gorge than the Face; i.e. when the Sides open to- wards the Campaign, or contra^ towards the Gorge. See
Horn-Work. „,
in*
in Fortifica- hen narrower at
