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the Mould about them, and if it be a dry Time, water them the firft. Day, and cover the Soil with old Fern.
Mr. 'Bradley gives us a new Method of Tranfplanting Trees of all Kinds and Ages with Safety, either while they are in BIofTom, or with Fruit upon them ; thus : The Holes to receive the Trees, are to be prepared before the Trees are taken up j and the Earth which comes out of the Holes to be made very fine, and put into large Tubs and mix'd with Water, till it be about the Confiftence of thin Batter. Then the Holes wherein the Trees are to be planted, are to be fill'd with this thus-temper'd Earth, before the earthy Parts have time to fettle.
The Advantage hereof is, that the Trees thus planted, have their Roors immediately inclofed and guarded from the Air ; and the warm Seafon of the Year difpofing every Part of the Tree for Growth and Shooting, it will lofe very little of its Vigour. — In Winter it does not fiicceed.
The fame Author adds, that in confideration of the Cir- culation of the Sap, it is as neceffary to preferve the Vetfels of Trees entire, as thole in Animal Bodies : And therefore in transplanting Trees in the Summer Seafons, 'tis not proper to cut orf any of the Branches, or wound any of the Vefftls, till they have renewed their Roots, which it is of abfolute Ncceftity to wound in Transplanting them. For the wounded Roots, he has provided a Plaifter'of a Mixture of Gums to prevent the Canker and Rot ? and promote their Healing.
Transplantation, in Natural Magic, is ufed for a Method of curing Difeafes, by transferring them from one Subject to another 5 much in Vogue among certain Philo- fophers. See Sympathetic.
This Transplantation is effected, either by the Ufe of a certain Medium, called on that account a Magnet; or with- out, by fitnple Contacl.
The firft Kind, which is that tnoft properly call'd Tranf plantarion, is when the Patient's Excrement being mix d up with Earth, the Difeafe is transplanted into a Vegetable, arifing from a Seed fown in the faid Comport; or, when the Parings of the Nails of a gouty Perfon, are inclofed in an Auger-hole made in a Plant, patticularly an Oak.
Here the Patient's Excrement is the Magnet, and the vital Spirit of the Plant arifing_from the Seed, is the Mumia which the Magnet receives ; and the Cafe is the fame, in the Parings of the Nails, and the vital Spirit of the Oak. See
MuMlA.
The fecond Kind of Transplantation, properly call'd Jlpproximation, is, when a Finger feiz'd with a Panaris or "Whit-low, is cured by rubbing in a Cat's Ear, which is held to receive rhe Pain.
In this Cafe, the found Subject receives the vital Spirits, unites with them, and corrects their morbific State : And, as certain Difeafes are got by Approximation ; the infeSed Spirits of a difeas'd Body, infinuating themfelves into a found one, and thus infecting the fame ; fo they are cured by Approximation ; when the Spirits of a difeafed Perfon entering a found Body, the latter corrects and retrieves the morbific State of the former.
Transplant atkn> by means of the Magnet, is of five Kinds, p/a. InSemination, Implantation, Impofition, Irrora- tion and Inefcation ; each whereof, fee under its proper Article, Inescation, Implantation, &c.
TRANSPORT-*?^, is a Veflel whereon to convey Provifions, warlike Stores, Soldiers, &c. See Vessel.
TRANSPORTATION, the Aft of conveying, or carrying a thing from one Place or Country to another. See Exportation.
In Matters of Commerce, Transportation is of equal Import with Re-expcrtation, viz, the taking up of Com- modities in one foreign State or Kingdom, bringing them hither, and payingDuties for them; and then conveying them into fome other foreign State, tfc. by which it isdiftinguim'd from Importation and Exportation; where the Commodities are either carried originally out of, or brought finally into, our own Kingdom. See Importation and Exportation.
Our Transportation or Re-exportation of Wooll, Butter, Hides, Tallow, Herring?, Beef and Salmon, which we tranfport from Ireland, to other Provinces, being the Con- cerns of our Merchants, and payingDuties to His Majelty, have been reckon'd at 300,000 /. fer Annum,
'Twou'd be tedious to enumerate the Value of our Tranf pronations from T>en?mrk, Sweden, Spain, ^Portugal, the Streights, Turkey, Guinea, $§c. the mofl coniiderable, is from the Eaji Indies. In the Infancy of that Trade, viz, in the Year 16 1;, of Pepper only, beiides what we confumed at Home, we transported in one Year to other Countries, after it had paid Duty here, to the Value of 200,000 I. and of late Years our Exportation of what we bring from thence, after we have fup.plied ourfe!ves,is computed at 500,000 I.Sterling. See Navigation and Commerce.
Transportation isalfoa kind of Punifhment; or,more properly, an Alleviation or Commutation of Punimment, for Criminals convitfed of Felony, who, for the firft Offence,
unlefs it be an extraordinary one', are ordinarily transported to the Plantations, there to bear hard Labour tor a Term of Years, within which if they return, they are executed with- out further Trial. SeeFELONY, Punishment, i£c.
TRANSPOSITION, in Algebra, the bringing any Term of an Equation over to the other Side. SceTERM.
Thus if, a-\-b=c, and you may make<?-=c — b 5 b is faid to be trmiSpofed. See Equation.
Transposition, in Grammar, call'd alfo Hyper '?aton, a difturbingor diflocating of the Words in a Difcourfe ; or a changing of their natural Order of Conftruclion, to pleafe the Ear, by rendring the Contexture more eafy, fmooth, and harmonious. See Hyperbaton.
A Tranfpofition, which renders the Senfe perplex'd, is vicious.
The Conftruction of the ancient Languages beini? much more Artful than that of the Modern ones ; allowed of much greater and more frequent Tranfpofhmn, The Ei?giipj y French, &c. fcarce ever allow of them but in Oratory and Poetry ; in which Cafes they fcrve to give a Force and Energy to the Difcourfe or the Verfe, and to prevent their languiftiing. See Construction.
Transposition in Mufic, is a changing of the Notes of a Piece of Mufic. See Note.
Of this there are two Kinds ; the firft. with refpecf to the Clef, the fecond with refpeft to the Key.
T'ranSpoSition with .refpeEl to the Clef, confifts in the changing of the Plac.-s or Seats of the Notes or Letters, amongft the Lines and Spaces ; but fo as that every Note is fet at the fame Letter. See Clef.
This is done either by removing the fame Clef to another Line ; or by ufing another Clef, but with the fame Signature, by reafon the Piece is ftill in the fame Key. See Clef.
The Practice is eafy in either Cafe : In the firft, you take the firft Note at the fame Diftance above or below the Clef- Note, in its new Pofition as before ; and all the reft of the Notes in the fame Relations or Diftances from one another 5 fo that the Notes are all fet on Lines and Spaces of the fame Name.
In the fecond, or fetting the Mufic to a different Clef, 'tis to be obferved, the Places of the three Clef Notes are in- variable in the Scale, and are to one another in thefe Rela- tions, viz. the Mean a 5th above the Bafs, and the Treble a 5th above the Mean. Now to TranSpoSe to a new Clef, e.gr* from the Treble to the Mean ; where-ever that new Clef is fet, we fuppofe it the fame individual Note, in the fame Place of the Scale, as if that Piece were that Part in a Com- pofition to which this new Clef is generally appropriated ; that fo it may direct to the fame Notes we had before Tranf- pofition : Now, from the fix'd Relations of the three Clefs in the Scale, it will be eafy to find the Seat of the firft tra/fjsoSed Note ; and then all the reft are to be fet at the fame mu- tual Diftances they were at before- See Scale.
Suppofe, e.gr. the firft Note of a Song be d, a 6th above the Bafs-clef; where-ever that Clef is placed, the firft Note muft be the greater 2d above it, becaufe a greater 2d above the Mean is a greater 6th above the Bafs-clef, the Relation of thofe two being a 5th. -- So that the firft Note will ftill be the fame individual d.
The Ufe of this TranSpofition is, that if a Song being fet with a certain Clef, in a certain Pofition, the Notes go far above or below the Syflem of five Lines ; they may, by the Change of the Place of the fame Clef in the particular Syftem, or by taking a new Clef, be brought more within the Compafs of the Lines.
TranSpofition from one Key to another, is a changing of the Key ; or a fetting all the Notes of the Song at different Letters, and performing it, confequently, in different Notes upon an Inftrument. See Key.
The Defign hereof is, that a Song which being begun in one Note, is too high or low, or otherwife inconvenient for a certain Inftrument; may be begun in another Note, and from that carried on in all its juft Degrees and Intervals.
The Clef and its Pofition here remain the lame ; and the Change is of the Notes themfelves, from one Letter, and its Line or Space, to another.
In the former Tranfpoftion, the Notes were exprefs'd by the fame Letters, but both removed to different Lines and. Spaces : In this, the Letters are unmoved, and the Notes of the Song transferr'd to, or exprefs'd by other Letters, and confequently fet upon different Lines and Spaces, which, therefore, requires a different Signature of the Clef.
Transposition of Equation. See Equation.
TRANSSUMPTIO, Transumption, in the Schools, a Syllogifm by Conceftton or Agreement, us'd where a Que- ftion propos'd is transferr'd to another, with this Condition, that the Proof of this latter ffiall be admitted for a Proof of the former.
Thus Arifiotle in his Book de Ccelo, undertaking to fhew that all the Stars are round, transfers the Queftion to the Moon, and proves her Rotundity from her Increafing and
Waining ;
