Al'OU.ONIO mical arrangement of figures, by treating his backgrounds in perspective, by connect- ing instead of juxtaposing tones, and by re- lieving the flat appearance of painted sur- faces by a skilful use of light and shade. He is classed with Ayatharchus as a skio- grapher or shadow painter. Pliny (xxxv. 30) says that he opened the doors of art through which Xe.urix entered, meaning that he discarded the lint tints and shadow- less outlines in use by 1'vlyijnntu.a for Apollo and Marsyas, Raphael, Louvre, Paris. blended and harmonious tints, chiaroscuro effects, and other modem pictorial artifices. Among his works were an Ajax of Locris on a ship struck by lightning, and a Priest Praying. Bruun, ii. 51. APOLLONIO, GIACOMO, born at Bas- sano in 1582-4, died there, Dec. 1, 1G54. Venetian school ; history and landscape painter, pupil of Girolamo and Giambattista Bassano, and a very happy imitator of their style. Works in Italian churches. Meyer, Kiinst. Lex., ii. 178. APOLLO, TEMPLE OF, Claude Lorrain, formerly at Leigh Court ; canvas, H. 5 ft. 9 I iu. x 8 ft 3 in. ; signed, dated 16(53. A moun- tainous, richly-wooded landscape, with sea in distance ; in foreground, the Temple of Apollo, in which an ox is being sacrificed. One of the master's finest pictures. Liber Veritatis, No. 157. Formerly in Palazzo Al- tieri, Koine, with its companion, Landing of
- Knean, which see, for history. Engraved in
Miles Gallery, and by W. Woollet (1700). Sketches in British Museum and at Wind- sor. Pattison, Claude Lorraiu, 220, 232 ; Waogeu, Treasures, iii. 180. APPEUT, EUGfiXE, born in Angers, France, Dec. 28, 1814, died at Cannes, March 8, 18G7. History and genre painter, pupil of Ingres. Medal of the third class, 1844 ; honourable mention, 1855 ; Legion of Hon- our, 1859. Works : Sarah and the Poachers (1841) ; Nero gazing at the Corpse of Agrip- pina (1842) ; Vision of SL Ovens (1844), bought by State ; Assumption (1845) ; De- scent from Cross (1N46) ; Death of St Jo- seph (1847) ; An Amour (1850) ; An Informer (1852); Adoration of Magi (1853), belongs to State ; Sisters of Charity in the Crimea (1855) ; Woman Spinning (1857) ; Sedairo cutting Stones, The False Scent (1861); Venice (1863) ; Pope Alexander HI, Peo- nies (1864). Meyer, Kunst. Lex., ii. 187. APPIAX, ADOLPHE, born in Lyons, France, in 1819. Landscape painter, pupil of Corot and Daubigny ; belongs to the most recent school of French realists, who care more for play of light and shade and general effect than for the working out of details. Celebrated for his charcoal draw- ings. Works: Cattle Market (1865); Bois des Roches (1870) ; Environs of Monaco (1873), Luxembourg Museum ; Luxembourg Souvenir (1873) ; Panton atBeaulieu (1874) ; Environs of Corqiu'ranne (1883). Meyer, Kiiust. Lex., ii. 187 ; Muller, 16. APPIAN WAY IN THE TIME OF AUGUSTUS, G. R. C. Boulanyrr, Mrs. A. T. Stewart, New York ; canvas. The Appian Way, with tombs and trees iu background, ami passing in front horsemen, chariots, GI
