AVELLIXO AVELLINO, GIULTO, or GIACINTO, called II Messinese, born in Messina, about the middle of 17th century, died in Ferrura, Aug. 3, 1700. Neapolitan school ; pupil of Salvator Rosa iii Naples ; returned to Messina and married the daughter of Maffei, his first teacher in perspective and architect- ure. Having wounded a priest in a quarrel, he fled to Naples, but pursued by the love and jealousy of a woman, who attempted to poison his wife, went to Rome, and after- wards to Venice. After visiting other cities he settled in Ferrara and there successfully revived the art of landscape painting, which had been extinct since the death of Dossi. Meyer, Kiinst. Lex., ii. 407. AVERCAMP, HENDRIK, surnamed de Stomme (Mute) van Kampen, born prob- ably at Kampen on the Yssel about 1585 (?), died about 1635 (?). Dutch school ; land- scape painter, closely approaching the style of W. Buytenvrecb. and E. van de Velde ; painted chiefly winter landscapes. His highly esteemed water-colour sketches and drawings are in the Taylor Museum, Haar- lem (8), Hamburg Gallery (4), Stiidel Gal- lery, Frankfort (10), Berlin Museum (3), j Albertiua, Vienna (4). Works : Landscape, Antwerp Museum ; River Landscape, Rot- terdam Museum ; Landscape (1G20), Amali- eustift, Dessau ; Dutch Kirmess on the Ice (2), Dresden Gallery ; Frozen River with Skaters (2), Berlin Museum ; Winter Land- scape, Schwerin Gallery. Meyer, Ktinst. Lex., ii. 469. AVERNUS, LAKE, the Fates, and the Golden Bough, J. M. W. Turner, National Gallery, London ; canvas, H. 3 ft. 5 in. x 5 ' ft. 4 in. Lake Avernus, near Cuniie, Italy, with Baiae and Vesuvius in distance. Sup- posed to be fed by the Acheron, the river of the infernal regions hence the entrance to Hades. The golden bough was a branch of the tree of Proserpine which, when plucked by the favour of the Fates, enabled mortals to visit and return from Hades (jEneid, VL), Royal Academy, 1834 ; Vernon Collection, 1847. Engraved by T. A. Prior, J. T. Will- more. Cat Nat. Gal.; Hamerton,' Life. AVONT, PEETER VAN DEN, born at Mechlin, baptized Jan. 14, 1600, died at Deurne, near Antwerp, Nov. 1, 1652. Flem- ish school ; history and landscape painter, master of Antwerp guild in 1622-23, be- came a citizen of Antwerp in 1G31. Often supplied the landscapes of Vinck-Boons, Jan Brueghel the elder and the younger, Lucas van Uden, Jan Wildeus, J. d'Arthois, Luc. Achtschellinck, and Lod. de Vadder with delicately painted small figures. Works : Holy Family, St. James', Antwerp ; Madon- na, St. Nicholas' Chapel, ib.; do. and Angels in a Landscape, Ghent Museum ; Wooded Landscape with Holy Family, do. with Ma- donna and St. John, Flora with Genii, Mu- seum, Vienna ; Landscape with Diana Aim- ing at Mother with two Children, Madonna and Angels, Silenus and Bacchus, Liechten- stein Gallery, ib. ; Holy Family and Angels, Munich Gallery. Kramm, i. 36 ; Meyer, Ktlnst, Lex., ii. 479. AXARETO. See Assereto. AZE, ADOLPHE, born in Paris, March 6, 1822, died there, March 25, 1884. His- tory painter, pupil of Robert-Fleury ; vis- ited Italy and the East and first exhibited in the Salon in 1845. Medals : 3d class, 1851, 1863. Works: Diana Surprised by Endy- miou ; Council of Cardinals (1851), Rodez Museum ; Jean Goujon Decorated by Duke of Anjou(1855), Bagui'res-<le-Bigorre Muse- um ; Cosimo de Medicis Assassinating his Son in the Streets of Venice ; Interview be- tween Philip II. and Don Carlos. Chrou- ique des Arts (1884), 105. AZEGLIO (Massimo TapareUi), MAR- CHESE D', born in Turin, Oct 24, 1798, died there, Jan. 15, 1866. Landscape and genre painter, pupil of M. Verstappeu in Rome ; excelled especially in landscapes, which he enlivened with figures. In 1833 he exhibited in Milan seventeen pictures which were most favourably received. Prime S3
