Time.—Meyer, Künst. Lex., ii. 509; Müller, 20.
BACHE, OTTO, born at Roeskilde, Denmark,
Aug. 21, 1839. Genre painter, pupil
of Copenhagen Academy, under Marstrand,
where he obtained prizes in 1856-57-66;
completed his studies in Paris. Excels also
in portraits and animals, and is noted for
brilliant colouring. Medal, Copenhagen,
1872. Works: Drive to a Kirmess (1863);
Wagons by Brickyard (1864), Copenhagen
Gallery; Badger with her Young (1866);
Centaur Playing with his Son (1869); Domestic
Animals at Peasant's, Cart-Horses,
Feeding the Dogs (1870); Father and Son
(1871); Daniel in the Lion's Den, Visit to
Young Mother (1874); After the Boar-Hunt
(1875); Admiral Tordenskjold at Carlsten
(1876); Team of Horses by Tavern (1878);
In the Mill (1879); Staghunt (1881); Winter
Morning at the Exchange (1882).—Sigurd
Müller, 18; Weilbach, 39.
BACHELIER, JEAN JACQUES, born in
Paris, 1724,
died there,
April 13, 1806.
Flower, animal,
and history
painter,
pupil of Pierre.
Received into
the Academy in
1751 as flower
painter, and in
1763 as history painter. In 1766 he established
a free school of design for artisans,
which, in 1767, passed into the hands of the
Government. As instructor in the factory
at Sèvres he exercised a marked influence
upon French porcelain painting. He made
the first researches in the use of wax for encaustic
painting, and thus became intimate
with Count Caylus and other French archæologists.
His Cimon in Prison is in the
Louvre.—Ch. Blanc, École française, ii.;
Meyer, Künst. Lex., ii. 512.
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BACHELIN, AUGUSTE, born in Neufchâtel, Switzerland, Sept. 27, 1830. History, genre, and landscape painter, pupil in Neufchâtel of Moritz and in Paris (1852) of Gleyre and Couture. Confined himself at first to genre and landscape, but after 1859, when he accompanied Garibaldi's volunteers, painted chiefly military scenes. Afterwards travelled through France; spent the winter of 1864-65 in Italy, where he painted popular life. Works: March of a Swiss Battalion (1860); Bourbaki's Army Entering Swiss Territory; Scene from Defence of Switzerland (1866); Death of Ensign Montmollin (1866), Neufchâtel Museum; Haymakers of the Alps (1863); Poachers of Uri (1863); Wrestlers of Hasli (1867); Two Fancy Scenes from Prehistoric Times.—Meyer, Künst. Lex., ii. 513; Müller, 21; Kunst-Chronik, v. 189; vii. 108.
BACKER, ADRIAEN, born in Amsterdam
in 1636, died there in 1686. Dutch
school; history and portrait painter, nephew
of Jacob B.; followed at first the traditions
of the school of Utrecht, afterwards formed
himself entirely after Italian models. Works:
Allegory, Antwerp Museum; Semiramis
(1669), Last Judgment, National Museum,
Amsterdam; Anatomical Lecture (1670),
Athenæum, ib.; Managers of Medical College,
ib.; male portrait, Rotterdam Museum;
do. and female portrait, Endymion
and Diana, Sleeping Girl and Shepherd,
Rape of Sabine Women (1671), Brunswick
Gallery.—Meyer, Künst. Lex., ii. 519;
Riegel, Beiträge, ii. 300.
BACKER (Bakker), JACOB, born at
Haerlingen in 1608 or 1609, died at Amsterdam,
Aug. 27, 1651. Dutch school; portrait
painter, pupil at Leeuwarden of Lambert
Jacobsz, then at Amsterdam (1635-38) of
Rembrandt, but later yielded to the influence
of Van der Helst and others. Works:
Syndics, Two Archery Pieces (one of 1642),
National Museum, Amsterdam; Venus,
