gloomy subjects, such as martyrdoms and death scenes. He had a fertile invention, and his compositions are effective, but his design is not always correct, and his chiaro-*scuro is marked by the strong contrasts seen in the works of Guercino and Caravaggio. Among his works are: Frescos in choir and cupola of the Carmine, Modena; History of Pope Celestine V., and St. Catherine, Transept of S. Pietro a Majella, Naples; Return of the Prodigal Son, Naples Museum; A Concert, Palazzo Doria, Rome.—Lanzi, ii. 47; Ch. Blanc, École napolitaine; Seguier, 158; Burckhardt, 790, 798, 800, 803.
CALABRESE RINGENTILITO. See
Solimena, Francesco.
CALAIS GATE, Wm. Hogarth, C. F. H.
Bolckow, Marton Hall, Middlesborough,
England. Original title, The Roast Beef of
Old England. Painted by
Hogarth as a satire on the
French in retaliation for his
arrest and deportation to
England. A French soldier
is arresting the artist while
sketching Calais gate; in
centre a French cook staggers
under an immense
piece of beef, just landed
from a British packet, and
directed to Madame Grand-*sire,
the hotel-keeper in
Calais affected by the English
of the day; a well-*fed
monk (portrait of Pine,
the engraver) blesses it,
while several half-starved
soldiers look wistfully
on. Painted in 1748, engraved
in 1749. Bought by Earl of Charlemont.—Athen.,
Jan., 1875, 55; Cunningham;
Dobson, 68.
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Calais Gate, Hogarth.
CALAIS PIER, Joseph M. W. Turner,
National Gallery, London; canvas, H. 5 ft. 7
in. × 7 ft. 10 in. The eastern jetty of the
harbour; French fishermen preparing for
sea; the English packet arriving. Royal
Academy, 1803; bequeathed by Turner. Engraved
by T. Lupton, J. Cousen; Etched by
S. Haden.—Hamerton, Life; Cat. Nat. Gal.
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CALAME, ALEXANDRE, born at Vevay,
May 28, 1810, died
at Mentone, March
19, 1864. Landscape
painter; pupil
in Geneva of
Diday, whom he
succeeded as head
master of the art
school. He was
one of the best
landscape painters
of his day, and the best depicter of Alpine
scenery. Visited Germany and the Netherlands
in 1839, England in 1840, France in
1842, and Italy in 1845. Medals: 2d class,
1839; 1st class, 1840; L. of Honour, 1842,
Member of St. Petersburg and Brussels
Academies. Works: Mont Blanc, Jungfrau,
Lake of Brienz, Pass of Monte Rosa, Pass of
Monte Cerino, Handeck Falls, Bernese Oberland
(1838-44); Ruins of Pæstum, Storm
in Woods, Leipsic Museum; Noonday in
Summer, Autumn Evening, Night in Winter;
The Four Seasons, Geneva Museum;
The Four Divisions of the Day, Lake of the
