Page:Cyclopedia of painters and paintings - Volume I.djvu/289

terrestrial love, and is varied with many ornamental figures, some in stucco and some in chiaroscuro. It excited the greatest admiration in Rome, and was declared by Poussin to excel all other works except those of Raphael. Annibale's pictures are more diversified in style than those of Lodovico and Agostino, comprising paintings in the manner of several of the great masters. Among his works are: Annunciation, Assumption, Madonna in Glory and Saints, Madonna with Saints, Bologna Gallery; Bacchante, Madonna, Uffizi, Florence; Last Supper, Ferrara Gallery; Rinaldo and Armida, Pietà, Holy Family, Bacchante, Naples Museum; Pietà, Palazzo Borghese, Rome; St. Roch giving Alms, Assumption, Ecce Homo, Madonna of St. Matthew, Dresden Gallery; Holy Family, Berlin Museum; St. Sebastian, Magdalen, Diana and Callisto, Resurrection, Entombment, Dead Christ, Apparition of the Madonna, Sleep of Infant Jesus, Madonna of the Cherries, Nativity, Birth of the Virgin, Louvre; Three Marys, Castle Howard, England; Christ appearing to Peter, St. John, Herminia and the Shepherds, Silenus, Pan and Apollo, Temptation of St. Anthony, National Gallery, London.—Malvasia, i. 263; Wornum, Epochs, 321; Kugler (Eastlake), ii. 571; Burckhardt, 769, 783; Gualandi, Guida, 36, 44; Dohme, 2iii.; Ch. Blanc, École bolonaise.

CARRACCI, FRANCESCO, born in Bologna in 1595, died in Rome, June 3, 1622. Bolognese school. Nephew of Agostino and Annibale, and pupil of Lodovico Carracci. Set up a rival academy in Bologna, putting over his door, "This is the true School of the Carracci," but not succeeding, went to Rome. There are a few pictures by him in Bologna, such as St. Roch comforted by an Angel, Oratory of S. Rocco; Madonna and Saints, S. M. Maggiore.—Malvasia, Felsina Pittrice, i. 373; Dohme, 2iii.

CARRACCI, LODOVICO, born in Bologna, April 21, 1555, died there, Nov. 13, 1619. Bolognese school; son of Vincenzo Carracci, a butcher; pupil at Bologna of Prospero Fontana, who advised him to give up painting, while his brother pupils nick-*named him from his stupidity the Ox. Studied chiefly at Venice under Tintoretto, who gave him but little more encouragement than Fontana. Afterward painted under Pasignano in Florence, and studied the works of the great masters in Venice, Mantua, Parma, and Padua. By persevering labour he acquired a correctness and simplicity of style which brought him into repute and enabled him to found in Bologna in 1589 an academy of painting which soon became the most important school of the time in Italy. He called it the Incamminati (Right Road), but it is usually known as the Eclectic school of Bologna, because the Carracci sought to unite in this system the excellences of each of the great masters. His cousins Agostino and Annibale soon joined him, and the three conducted it until 1600, after which Lodovico was its head until his death. The best pupils of this school were Domenichino and Guido. Lodovico excelled rather as a teacher than as a painter, but left some excellent works, both in fresco and in oil, such as, Madonna in Glory and Saints, Birth of St. John Baptist, Preaching of St. John Baptist, Christ crowned with Thorns, Madonna with Saints, Calling of St. Matthew, Conversion of St. Paul, Transfiguration, Bologna Gallery; Scenes from lives of SS. Benedict and Cecilia, S. Michele in Bosco, Bologna; Miracle of the Loaves and Fishes, Berlin Museum; Pietà, Palazzo Corsini, Rome; Ecce Homo, Palazzo Doria,