buildings. He is successful as a teacher, and has many pupils. Medals: 3d class, 1851; 2d class, 1852 and 1865; L. of Honour, 1865; Officer, 1877. Studio in Paris. Works: St. Sebastian (1847); Street in Village of Lower Auvergne, Woman of Auvergne (1848); Evening on the Moors, Bordeaux Museum; Mountaineers of Puy de Dome (1849); Muleteer of Lozère (1851); Morning (1855); First Roses (1857); Aurora, Astronomy, Poetry, Diana (1859); Soap-Bubbles, Luxembourg Museum; Turtles (1864); A Dream (panel in Prince Demidoff's Palace); Parroquets, Poetry (1867); First Ties (1869); Child, Girl holding a Tray (1870); Haydee (1873), Miss C. L. Wolfe, New York; May Rose, Broken Lyre (1875); Happy Hours (1876); Sweetheart's Portrait, Love's Messenger, portrait of Duc d'Audiffret-Pasquier (1877); Devotion, W. T. Walters, Baltimore; Prayer, Samuel Hawk Collection, New York; Souvenirs (1882).—Larousse, iii. 967; Vapereau (1880), 399.
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CHAPMAN, JOHN GADSBY, born at Alexandria, Va., in 1808. Subject and landscape painter; studied in Italy. Is a successful etcher and wood-engraver, and has illustrated many books. Elected N.A. in 1836. Studio in Rome since 1848. Works: Etruscan Girl; Last Arrow; Baptism of Pocahantas (Capitol at Washington); Sunset on the Campagna; Vintage Scene; Stone Pines in the Barberini Valley; Valley of Mexico.
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CHARDIN, JEAN BAPTISTE SIMÉON,
born in Paris, Nov. 2, 1699, died there,
Dec. 6, 1779. French school; Genre, interiors,
and still-life painter; pupil of Cazes,
and of Noël Nicolas Coypel, who employed
him to paint accessories and led him to
adopt the style in which he was destined to
excel. First attracted attention by a barber's
sign, then in 1728 by La Raie (Louvre);
admitted to Academy in 1728; treasurer in
1755. Long painted still-life, in which he has
never been excelled.
In 1737 began to
paint pictures with
figures of children.
Similar domestic
scenes exhibited in
1739-40 and 41 established
his reputation
as the painter
of middle-class life.
But one of his oil
portraits (1773) is known. In the latter
part of his life Chardin painted in pastel, of
which the portraits of himself and his wife
in the Louvre are examples. Works:
Kitchen Interior (1728), La Raie, Fruits
and Animals (1728), Kitchen Utensils, 1731,
do. (1731), The Industrious Mother (1740),
The Blessing (1740), Dead Rabbit (1757),
The Monkey Antiquarian, Art Attributes
(1765), Louvre; The Blessing, The Washer-*woman,
Boy's Portrait, Hermitage, St.
Petersburg; two Pictures of still-life, Museum
of Fine Arts, Boston.—Ch. Blanc,
École française; Dohme, 3; Goncourt, i.
75; Wedmore, Masters of Genre Painting,
196; Wurzbach, Maler des XVIII. Jahrhund.,
33; Villot, Cat. Louvre; Portfolio
(1872), 50.
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CHARGE OF ARTILLERY OF IMPERIAL GUARD, Adolphe Schreyer, formerly in Luxembourg Museum; canvas, H. 6 ft. 9 in. × 14 ft. 3 in. Battle of Traktir in the Crimea, Aug. 16, 1855. Artillery going to the Front.—Salon, 1865.
CHAREPHANES, painter. See Nicophanes.
CHARIOT À FOIN (Hay Cart), Philips
Wouverman, Hague Museum; wood, H. 1 ft.
3 in. × 1 ft. 6 in. A landscape with water and
