Page:Cyclopedia of painters and paintings - Volume I.djvu/339

Gallery; Assumption, Infancy of Jupiter, Munich Gallery; Roman Charity, Madonna, Vienna Museum; Death of Cleopatra, Glasgow Gallery; Venus and Anchises, Berlin Museum; Adam and Eve, Hague Museum; Joseph and Potiphar's Wife, Tarquin and Lucretia, Holy Family, Copenhagen Gallery; Magdalen, Dulwich Gallery. Cignani was made a Count by the Duke of Parma, for whom he decorated a pavilion. He was the founder of the Clementine Academy of Bologna. Among his pupils were his son, Count Felice Cignani (1660-1724), and his nephew, Paolo Cignani (1709-1764).—Malvasia, ii. 198; Lanzi, iii. 143; Ch. Blanc, École bolonaise; Burckhardt, 764, 772, 786.

CIGNAROLI, GIAMBETTINO, born at Salo, near Verona, in 1706, died in Verona, Dec. 1, 1770. Venetian school; history painter, pupil in Venice of Santo Prunato, and of Balestra, and studied works of P. Veronese and Correggio. Lived long in Venice; was one of founders and in 1769 director of Verona Academy. Was one of the best of modern Venetian painters. Works: Death of Rachel, Venice Gallery; replica, Lille Museum; Flight into Egypt, S. Antonio Abbate, Parma; St. Francis receiving Stigmata, Church at Pontremoli; Triumph of Pomponius, Verona Museum; Transfiguration, Verona Cathedral; Madonna with Saints, Vienna Museum; Assumption, Madrid Museum.—Bevilagna, Memorie della Vita di G. C.

CIGOLI, LUDOVICO CARDI DA, born at Cigoli, near Florence, Sept. 21, 1559, died in Rome, June 8, 1613. Florentine school. Real name Cardi, but commonly called after his native village; pupil of Alessandro Allori and of Santi di Tito, but formed his style chiefly from study of the works of Correggio and Barocci. Some-*times called the Correggio of Tuscany; but, though some of his works are Correggesque in feeling, he is in no wise to be compared with that great painter. After executing many important works in Florence he went to Rome, where he painted (1606) for St. Peter's the Lame Man healed by Peter, no longer extant, which Sacchi called the best work painted in Rome after Raphael's Transfiguration and Domenichino's Communion of St. Jerome. Cigoli, who was a good draughtsman and a pleasing colourist, delighted in powerful effects of light and shade. Some of his best works are: Martyrdom of St. Stephen, Uffizi; St. Francis, Ecce Homo, Pitti, Florence; Flight into Egypt, St. Francis in Contemplation, and a portrait, Louvre; David with Head of Goliath, Tobias, Marriage of St. Catherine, Circumcision, Hermitage, St. Petersburg.—Ch. Blanc, École florentine; Seguier, 40; Burckhardt, 235, 766, 789, 793; Baldinucci, iii. 230.

CIMA DA CONEGLIANO, born in Friuli about 1460; according to Ridolfi, lived till 1517, but the latest genuine date on his pictures is 1508. Venetian school. Real name Giovanni Battista da Conegliano; known in his time as Il Conegliano, but in and since the 17th century as Cima da C. Settled in Venice, where he earned a well-deserved celebrity as a composer of sacred subjects. His early pictures are in tempera, but he soon acquired the use of oils, and became one of the best of the Bellinesque painters. While taking a place by Giovanni Bellini's side, he shows some peculiarities which recall Antonello da Messina; and he has been called the Masaccio of the Venetian school. His favourite theme is the