- can; fresco. Constantine, kneeling at the
font in the Baptistry of the Lateran, is baptised by Pope Sylvester (portrait of Clement VII.) in presence of Church officials, pages, and a Roman family of converts; Crispus, his son, awaits his turn to receive baptism. Designed by Raphael; painted in 1524 by Il Fattore, who made unjustifiable deviations from the original drawing. The figure in black dress and velvet cap is his own portrait; one in black, leaning against a column, is Baldassare Castiglione. Passavant says the composition is not by Raphael. It is the weakest of the frescos in the hall. Engraved by Fr. Aquila, Salandri, etc.—Passavant, ii. 302; Vasari, ed. Mil., v. 530.
CONSTANTINE, DONATION OF, Raphael
(?), Sala di Costantino, Vatican; fresco.
Constantine's gift of Rome to Pope Sylvester.
The Pope, seated on a throne in the old
Basilica of St. Peter, blesses the kneeling
Emperor, who presents him with a golden
figure representing Rome; among the many
represented as attendants are Giulio Romano,
Baldassare Castiglione, and the poets
Pontano and Murello. Designed by Raphael;
painted about 1524 by R. del Colle;
some additions by G. Romano. Engraved
by B. Franco; by Fr. Aquila, Alogedo
Fabri, Landon.—D'Anvers, 95; Passavant,
ii. 303; Vasari, ed. Mil., v. 530.
CONSTANTINE AND HELENA, GLORY
OF, Palma Vecchio, Brera, Milan; wood,
three panels, life-size. SS. Constantine and
Helena supporting the cross, in middle;
SS. Roch and Sebastian in landscapes, at
sides. Presented to Brera by Duke Melzi.—C.
& C., N. Italy, ii. 467.
CONSTANTINE, VICTORY OF, Raphael
and Giulio Romano, Sala di Costantino,
Vatican; fresco. The battle between Constantine
and Maxentius at the Milvian
Bridge (Ponte Molle), near Rome (A.D. 312).
One of the largest historical subjects ever
painted. Represents the crisis of victory,
when Constantine, on horseback, is aiming a
spear at Maxentius, who struggles with his
horse in the Tiber; in background, the
Monte Mario; above, three angels, with
swords. Designed by Raphael; painted
after his death by G. Romano. Engraved
by G. B. Cavalleriis, C. Cort, Bonasone,
Scalberge, and Aquila.—Vasari, ed. Mil., iv.
369; v. 529; Kugler (Eastlake), ii. 438;
D'Anvers, 94; Passavant, ii. 300.
CONSTANTINE, VISION OF, Raphael
and Giulio Romano, Sala di Costantino,
Vatican; fresco. Constantine, standing on
a platform at left, with a Roman captain
beside him, relates his vision to four
standard-bearers; above, the apparition of
the shining cross, and below, soldiers in
surprise and terror hurrying among tents;
in background, the mausoleum of Hadrian,
pyramid of Caius Cestius, and other ancient
monuments. Designed by Raphael; painted
by G. Romano, who introduced (in the
corner) the dwarf Gradasso da Norcia, mentioned
in poetry of Berni. Engraved by
Aquila, Salandri, and Landon.—Passavant,
ii. 299; Vasari, ed. Mil., v. 529.
CONSTANTINOPLE, ENTRY OF CRUSADERS
INTO, Eugène Delacroix, Versailles
Museum; canvas. Capture of the
city by the Crusaders in 1204. In centre,
Baldwin, Count of Flanders, mounted and
followed by knights and equerries bearing
pennons, is riding in front of a palace between
kneeling women and old men who
implore his pity; in background, the Bosporus
and the houses and walls of the city;
in middleground, right, a melée in the
streets. Salon, 1841; Exposition Universelle,
1855. Engraved by Frilley.—Gal. de
Versailles, i. Pl. 41; Larousse, iv. 1032.
CONSULTATION, Pieter de Hooch, formerly
in Narischkine Gallery, St. Petersburg;
wood, H. 2 ft. 3 in. × 1 ft. 10 in. Interior
of a room; four figures. A gentleman,
in a black velvet coat, is leaning upon
a table with his hand on the wrist of a
lady sitting beside him; a woman, in a red
jacket bordered with ermine and a blue
skirt, stands by the window, filling a glass,
and a second gentleman stands on the further
side of the table, with a pipe in his
